Features of Harmful Damages Caused by Current Arrangements of Contemporary Arrangements. Expenses and Perspectives of Research

Mishalov, Volodymyr; Khokholieva, Tamara Volodymyrivna; Petroshak, Oleksandr Yuriiovych; Hurina, Oksana Oleksiivna; Bachynskyi, Viktor Teodosovych; Kryvda, Hryhorii Fedorovych; Козлов, С. В.

doi:10.24061/2707-8728.1.2018.14

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…V. D. Mishalov et al (2016; drew attention to the particular importance of studying damage from short-barreled weapons [13,14]. In particular, it was noted that it is critically important to study the characteristics of damage to clothing and to take into account clothing as an obstacle that can change the characteristics of damage to the human body.…”

Section: Results Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Features of damage to the leather substitute when fired from the “FORT 12R” and “AE 790G1” pistols from different distances

Kusliy,

Fedorchenko,

Hel

2023

Rep. of Vinnytsia Nation. Med. Univ.

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Annotation. Examination of damage caused by firearms is always a difficult challenge for a forensic scientist. The reason for this is the unpredictability of the interaction of the trace-receiving surface with the ammunition, additional factors of the shot and residual components of the shot, which in turn is caused by the specific design of different types of firearms and the composition of different types of ammunition, which is also combined with various factors affecting pre-wound ballistics (weather factors, etc.), wound ballistics (different types of human body tissue, different materials of obstacles, their presence, etc.). All these factors require detailed study. The purpose of the study is to compare the features of damage to the leatherette as a complex “clothing + non-biological human body simulator” when shot from different distances using the “Fort 12R” and “AE 790G” pistols. The experimental study was conducted by manufacturing ballistic gelatin blocks, which were covered with leatherette and fired at close range, 25 and 50 cm using “Fort 12R” and “AE 790G1” pistols. The analysis of all fired samples of leatherette revealed the formation of a minus-tissue type defect, with the formation of a round (mostly at close range for both pistols) or oval shape (at 25 and 50 cm for both pistols). Gap formation is characteristic of point-blank shots for both pistols and the Fort 12R at 25 cm. All shot distances and both pistols are characterized by the deposition of residual shot components in the form of half-burnt or unburned powder particles. The dimensions of the defect are approximately the same, but when using Fort 12R, the formation of larger defects was recorded at all shot distances. Thus, during the visual examination, when comparing the samples of leatherette from all the studied distances, significant differences were found between all the studied groups, in particular, between the respective groups of pistols, which makes it possible to identify the pistol already during the visual examination of the sample.

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Section: Results Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Features of damage to the leather substitute when fired from the “FORT 12R” and “AE 790G1” pistols from different distances

Kusliy,

Fedorchenko,

Hel

2023

Rep. of Vinnytsia Nation. Med. Univ.

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“…Завдяки його впровадженню в судову медицину покращується візуалізація всіх тілесних ушкоджень і вогнепальних зокрема, підвищуються об'єктивність та обґрунтованість експертних підсумків, відбувається накопичення доказової бази при скоєнні воєнних злочинів з використанням різних видів вогнепальної зброї на території нашої країни [4][5][6][7][8].…”

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Discovery of a New Morphological Feature in Forensic Medicine During the Study of Gunshot Injury Using Three-Dimensional Modeling of the Wound Channel

Zmievska,

Savka

2024

СМЕ

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The use of spatial three-dimensional modeling of the main elements of a gunshot injury plays a significant part in the modern forensic medical examination. It allows not only to improve the visualization of such bodily injuries, to increase the objectivity and validity of expert conclusions, to accumulate an evidence basis for war crimes committed with the use of various types of firearms, but it also helps to discover new morphological features which couldn’t be detected when using traditional research methods. The work shows the process of detecting a new morphological feature during three-dimensional modeling of the wound channel caused by the IJ 70-01 pistol loaded with 9 mm cartridges. Aim of the work. Demonstration of new possibilities of three-dimensional spatial modeling in the process of the forensic investigation of a gunshot wound. Materials and methods. To achieve the aim of study, a series of experimental shots were fired from the IJ 70-01 automatic pistol loaded with 9 mm cartridges. To conduct bench ballistic tests according to the US standards – NIJ (National Institute of Justice), HOSDB (Home Office Scientific Development Branch) – standardized ballistic clay Roma Plastilina No.1 was used as the main material that absorbs the energy of the bullet and reproduces all the elements of wound ballistics. It was coated in pig skin with subcutaneous adipose tissue in order to recreate more true-to-life conditions of the gunshot injury. The generated wound channel was filled with Tropicalgin alginate impression material (Zhermack, Italy), which was mixed according to the manufacturer’s instructions; it has short setting time and reproduces the smallest details of the wound channel. Thereafter, the formed cast of the wound channel was subjected to a series of photographs at the appropriate angles and its 3D model was created with the help of the graphic design software “Agisoft PhotoScan” and “3ds max”. Results. The result of the conducted studies was obtaining a spatial three-dimensional model of the gunshot wound channel, which brings about new opportunities for its research. The implementation of three-dimensional modeling techniques made it possible to discover a new morphological feature – a helical torsion of the wound channel, the direction of which can indicate specific design features of the firearm used. Conclusions. The implementation of three-dimensional spatial modeling in the process of a gunshot trauma investigation sets conditions for increasing visibility and objectivity during conduction of such forensic medical examinations. At the same time, new opportunities are brought about for taking linear dimensions of the existing morphological features of the wound channel main elements with extended precision, the accumulation of demonstrative evidence basis in cases of such injuries, and the discovery of new morphological features for identification of the specific design features of the firearm used.

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“…Упродовж останніх років чимало науковців досліджували різноманітні судово-медичні аспекти вогнепальної травми, водночас звертаючи увагу на те, що низка важливих питань досі залишаються не до кінця дослідженими та перспективними для вивчення. Це і вдосконалення критеріїв віднесення тілесного ушкодження до вогнепального за характеристиками зброї та його морфологічними ознаками, встановлення критеріїв судово-медичної діагностики напрямку обертання вогнепального снаряда, покращення діагностики факторів пострілу та дослідження поверхні кулі для ідентифікації нарізної вогнепальної зброї, вивчення ушкоджень шкіри та підшкірно-жирової клітковини тіла людини, що утворюються внаслідок поранення різними видами вогнепальних снарядів, ранової балістики тощо [1,2].…”

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The Applicable Value of 3d Modeling in the Aspect of Forensic Medical Differential Diagnostics of the Type of a Traumatic Tool in Injuries From Firearms and Approximate to It by Its Characteristics

Zmiyevska,

Savka,

Baluk

et al. 2023

СМЕ

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Implementation of up-to-date evidenced-based research methods is rather important in the process of conducting forensic expertise. One of them is 3D-modeling of body injuries of various genesis. The method has been widely applied into theory and practice of forensic medicine both by Ukrainian and foreign scientists. The article demonstrates new possibilities during making differential diagnostics of a traumatic tool type, which become informative due to the application of 3D modeling in the process of examination of injuries from firearms or other weapon approximate to it by its characteristics. Aim of the work. To improve the process of forensic differential diagnostics of the type of a traumatic tool by means of 3D-modelling of body injuries caused by small-caliber firearms or other weapon approximate to it by its characteristics, to create opportunities for the implementation of 3D-modelling techniques in the everyday practical work of forensic medical experts and forensic criminologists with the possibility of further adding the obtained results to the materials of criminal proceedings. Materials and methods. The material of the research was the results of experimental study when fired from small-caliber firearms and a gun for firing Flaubert cartridges. At the same time, measurements were made both by traditional measuring technique and in the process of 3D-modeling of the entrance gunshot wound on the skin of a pig and on the side of the subcutaneous fat tissue and the wound channel at its various intervals in ballistic plasticine Roma Plastilina №1, produced in the USA, used for ballistic tests according to NIJ, HOSDB standards. The results obtained were processed by means of the common methods of variation statistics applicable in medicine. Results. The study presents the major parameters and determines interdependence between the parameters when fired from a gun for firing Flaubert cartridges and small-caliber firearms, and morphological signs of gunshot injuries. Direct moderate and strong correlations are found between the initial speed, kinetic and specific energy of the bullet, and the length of the wound channel, diameter of the entrance wound, diameter of the wound channel in its middle portion and on exit measured by means of traditional measuring methods and those discovered in the process of their 3D-modeling (р≤0,05). Conclusions. The use of modern 3D-modeling techniques in the practice of forensic medical examination makes it possible to create 3D-models of both individual components of gunshot damage and the wound channel as a whole. At the same time, it becomes possible to study individual elements of gunshot damage and measure their sizes with significantly increased accuracy, store and re-analyze them if necessary. As a result, we get an improvement in the process of performing forensic medical examinations in cases of gunshot injuries with the possibility of conducting differential diagnosis of the type of traumatic projectile, studying new signs of gunshot injuries, increasing the visibility and objectivity of forensic medical conclusions during such examinations.

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Features of Harmful Damages Caused by Current Arrangements of Contemporary Arrangements. Expenses and Perspectives of Research

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Features of damage to the leather substitute when fired from the “FORT 12R” and “AE 790G1” pistols from different distances

Features of damage to the leather substitute when fired from the “FORT 12R” and “AE 790G1” pistols from different distances

Discovery of a New Morphological Feature in Forensic Medicine During the Study of Gunshot Injury Using Three-Dimensional Modeling of the Wound Channel

The Applicable Value of 3d Modeling in the Aspect of Forensic Medical Differential Diagnostics of the Type of a Traumatic Tool in Injuries From Firearms and Approximate to It by Its Characteristics

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