Features in essential tremor and the development of Parkinson’s disease vs. parkinsonism

Lau, Hsien Lee; Marmol, Sarah; Margolesky, Jason

doi:10.1007/s10072-020-04439-w

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In our cohort, the HAMD, HAMA, MMSE, and MoCA scores did not differ between ET-PD and ET/t-PD. However, constipation, hyposmia, and RBD were more common in the t-PD group than the ET-PD group, while hyposmia, rather than constipation or RBD, was more common in the ET-PD group than the ET group, which was consistent with previous studies (5,25). Another study found no significant differences between patients with ET-PD and ET with regard to non-motor features (10).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…ET patients have significant movement slowness compared to healthy controls, and a considerable number of ET patients have movement abnormalities similar to those observed in PD patients (4). Depression, anxiety, cognitive disorders, and family history of tremors/PD were similar in both patient groups (5,6). Thus, clinical and experimental evidence indicates that there are similarities between ET and PD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…(3) resting tremor in the lower limbs was assessed while patients sat in an armchair, with their feet placed flatly on the ground, and while they were utterly relaxed; (4) postural tremor in the head was assessed while patients sat in an armchair, keeping their head upright; (5) postural tremor in the upper limbs was assessed while patients sat in an armchair with wrists/fingers outstretched on a horizontal plane; and (6) postural tremor in the lower limbs was assessed while patients sat in an armchair with both sides of their toes touching the ground and with their heels hanging. Each measurement session lasted for 30 s. The EMG data were analyzed using the TRAS system (21).…”

Section: Tremor Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical Characteristics and Electrophysiological Biomarkers of Parkinson's Disease Developed From Essential Tremor

et al. 2020

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Background and Objective: Parkinson's disease developed from essential tremor (ET-PD) is a distinct clinical syndrome that is different from essential tremor (ET) and Parkinson's disease (PD). There is currently a lack of research on ET-PD. Tremor characteristics (amplitude and frequency) are primary quantitative indexes for diagnosing and monitoring of tremors. In this study, we aimed to explore specific clinical and electrophysiological biomarkers for the identification of ET-PD. Methods:The study included patients with ET-PD (n = 22), ET (n = 42), and tremor-dominant PD (t-PD, n = 47). We collected demographic data, clinical characteristics (including motor and non-motor symptoms), and tremor analysis. The frequency, amplitude, contracting patterns of resting tremor and postural tremor were collected. The analysis of ET-PD and ET/t-PD was compared. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the electrophysiological features in distinguishing ET-PD from ET or t-PD.Results: Compared with ET, hyposmia, bradykinesia, rigidity, postural abnormality, and resting tremor were more common in the ET-PD group (P = 0.01, 0.003, 0.001, 0.001, 0.019, respectively). The postural tremor frequencies of the head, upper limbs, and lower limbs were significantly lower in the ET-PD than in the ET (P = 0.007, 0.003, 0.035, respectively), which were the most appropriate variables for distinguishing ET-PD from ET (AUC: 0.775, 0.727, and 0.701, respectively). Compared with t-PD, bradykinesia, rigidity, postural abnormality (both P < 0.001), and resting tremor (P = 0.024) were less common in the ET-PD. The postural tremor amplitudes of the head and upper limbs were significantly higher in the ET-PD than in the t-PD (P = 0.022, 0.001, respectively), which were the most appropriate variables for distinguishing ET-PD from t-PD (AUC: 0.793 and 0.716). Conclusions:Hyposmia and electrophysiological biomarkers (postural tremor frequencies and amplitudes) help early recognition of ET-PD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Tremor Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical Characteristics and Electrophysiological Biomarkers of Parkinson's Disease Developed From Essential Tremor

et al. 2020

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“…This is consistent with our study in which the prevalence of RBD was significantly higher among ET-PD patients compared to both isolated ET (15.4% vs 1.6%, p = 0.005) and ET plus patients (15.4% vs 2.5%, p = 0.0002). However, one study found no difference in self-reported RBD symptoms between ET-PD and ET plus patients with parkinsonism [59].…”

Section: Adj P (Et Plus Vs Et-pd) Medication Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic Features of Isolated Essential Tremor, Essential Tremor Plus, and Essential Tremor-Parkinson’s Disease in a Movement Disorders Clinic

Bellows

Jankovic

2021

Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements

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Background: Patients with essential tremor were initially considered to have isolated tremor, but additional motor and non-motor features have been increasingly recognized. The term "essential tremor plus" was adopted by the Task Force on Tremor of the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society to describe essential tremor patients with additional neurologic signs.Objectives: To characterize essential tremor patients and their phenotypes in a movement disorders clinic population in the context of the new tremor classification.Methods: Demographic, clinical, historical, treatment, and diagnostic data were retrospectively collected on 300 patients diagnosed by movement disorder experts with essential tremor. Patients were classified as having essential tremor, essential tremor plus, or essential tremor-Parkinson's disease combination, and features between these groups were compared. Results:Of the 300 patients, 20.7% were classified as isolated essential tremor, 53.3% as essential tremor plus, and 26.0% as essential tremor-Parkinson's disease. There was no significant difference in the duration of tremor symptoms. Essential tremor plus patients were more likely to have dystonia, tandem gait abnormalities, head tremor and greater tremor severity. Essential tremor-Parkinson's disease patients were more likely to have RBD symptoms. There was no significant difference in cognitive impairment between essential tremor plus and essential tremor-Parkinson's disease patients.Conclusions: Additional motor and non-motor features, including parkinsonism, are common in patients with essential tremor. Further studies are needed to clarify essential tremor phenotypes and to provide insights into possible subtypes.Highlights: 300 patients with essential tremor from a movement disorders clinic were re-classified based on the Movement Disorder Society Consensus Statement on the Classification of Tremors. Additional motor and non-motor features, including parkinsonism, were common, and only 20.7% of patients remained classified as isolated essential tremor.

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“…However, other studies have shown no difference in UPSIT scores between ET and controls [98,99]. In a study comparing ET-PD and ET plus anosmia was more common in the ET-PD group (48% vs 19%) [100].…”

Section: Essential Tremormentioning

confidence: 86%

Parkinsonism and tremor syndromes

Bellows

Jankovic

2022

Journal of the Neurological Sciences

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Features in essential tremor and the development of Parkinson’s disease vs. parkinsonism

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Clinical Characteristics and Electrophysiological Biomarkers of Parkinson's Disease Developed From Essential Tremor

Clinical Characteristics and Electrophysiological Biomarkers of Parkinson's Disease Developed From Essential Tremor

Phenotypic Features of Isolated Essential Tremor, Essential Tremor Plus, and Essential Tremor-Parkinson’s Disease in a Movement Disorders Clinic

Parkinsonism and tremor syndromes

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