Feature-Based Image Watermarking Algorithm Using SVD and APBT for Copyright Protection

Abstract

Watermarking techniques can be applied in digital images to maintain the authenticity and integrity for copyright protection. In this paper, scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) is combined with local digital watermarking and a digital watermarking algorithm based on SIFT, singular value decomposition (SVD), and all phase biorthogonal transform (APBT) is proposed. It describes the generation process of the SIFT algorithm in detail and obtains a series of scale-invariant feature points. A large amount of candidate feature points are selected to obtain the neighborhood which can be used to embed the watermark. For these selected feature points, block-based APBT is carried out on their neighborhoods. Moreover, a coefficients matrix of certain APBT coefficients is generated for SVD to embed the encrypted watermark. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed watermarking algorithm has stronger robustness than some previous schemes. In addition, APBT-based digital watermarking algorithm has good imperceptibility and is more robust to different combinations of attacks, which can be applied for the purpose of copyright protection.

Digital Image Watermarking Techniques: A Review

“…An all phase bi-orthogonal transform (APBT) and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD)-based algorithm has been proposed [22] to achieve better robustness and imperceptibility of the watermarking Information 2020, 11, 110 6 of 38 system, where the block-based APBT algorithm is applied in a certain neighborhood obtained by selected candidate feature points. The coefficients of APBT generate the coefficient matrix for SVD to embed the watermark.…”

Data Hiding and Watermarking Techniques: A Survey

“…With an encoded image containing extra information, a collector can just get the substance of the image after decoding it as indicated by the encryption key, and after that concentrate the installed / embedded information and back in original form the first image as per the information hiding key [35,37]. In the plan, the information extraction is nondivisible from the substance decoding [15].…”

“…existing strategies and with no deformation in stego image so the sanctuary of the message can be enhanced [37,40].…”

“…They misuse a double tree structure to take care of the issue of conveying sets of pinnacle focuses. Dissemination of pixel contrasts is utilized to accomplish vast hiding limit while keeping the contortion low [37]. They additionally receive a histogram moving method to forestall flood and sub-current.…”

“…A few creators proposed different novel and secure RDH strategy in light of Histogram Modification and Skew tent guide [12,15,19], Which comprises of image cryptography, information installing and information exclusion/image recuperation stages. In the first stage, The substance proprietor will takes the reverse s-request of the histogram [37,39]. After that information hider will shroud the extra information into the image utilizing information hiding key and afterward performs image encryption with the assistance of key however the beneficiary does not think about the first substance [8,18].…”