Feature-based guidance of attention during post-saccadic selection

Hollingworth, Andrew; Matsukura, Michi

doi:10.3758/s13414-019-01719-2

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…This effect has already been replicated and extended to the situation where the color is only an attribute of the object stored in long-term memory (LTM) rather than presented during search (Kerzel & Andres, 2020). Moreover, and in line with our results, objects in a search display matching a completely task-irrelevant color belonging to an object contained in VWM can be saccaded to faster and more accurately for a later second task, even in the absence of a distractor (Hollingworth, Matsukura, & Luck, 2013), and can bias the landing position of saccades in the global effect paradigm (Herwig, Beisert, & Schneider, 2010;Hollingworth et al, 2013), and the accuracy and latency of corrective saccades (Hollingworth & Luck, 2009;Hollingworth & Matsukura, 2019). In two letter report experiments, we could show that a colormatching distractor captures not only the eyes but also covert attention (Foerster & Schneider, 2019).…”

supporting

confidence: 86%

Oculomotor capture by search-irrelevant features in visual working memory: on the crucial role of target–distractor similarity

Foerster

Schneider

2020

Atten Percept Psychophys

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When searching for varying targets in the environment, a target template has to be maintained in visual working memory (VWM). Recently, we showed that search-irrelevant features of a VWM template bias attention in an object-based manner, so that objects sharing such features with a VWM template capture the eyes involuntarily. Here, we investigated whether targetdistractor similarity modulates capture strength. Participants saccaded to a target accompanied by a distractor. A single feature (e.g., shape) defined the target in each trial indicated by a cue, and the cue also varied in one irrelevant feature (e.g., color). The distractor matched the cue's irrelevant feature in half of the trials. Nine experiments showed that target-distractor similarity consistently influenced the degree of oculomotor capture. High target-distractor dissimilarity in the search-relevant feature reduced capture by the irrelevant feature (Experiments 1, 3, 6, 7). However, capture was reduced by high target-distractor similarity in the search-irrelevant feature (Experiments 1, 4, 5, 8). Strong oculomotor capture was observed if target-distractor similarity was reasonably low in the relevant and high in the irrelevant feature, irrespective of whether color or shape were relevant (Experiments 2 and 5). These findings argue for involuntary and object-based, top-down control by VWM templates, whereas its manifestation in oculomotor capture depends crucially on target-distractor similarity in relevant and irrelevant feature dimensions of the search object.

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supporting

confidence: 86%

Oculomotor capture by search-irrelevant features in visual working memory: on the crucial role of target–distractor similarity

Foerster

Schneider

2020

Atten Percept Psychophys

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“…This suggests that the allocation of memory resources to the saccade target is obligatory. This automatic allocation could be in the service of transsaccadic integration, but is also consistent with the use of visual working memory to facilitate other perceptual or cognitive processes, e.g., to facilitate visual search (Oh & Kim, 2004;Woodman & Luck, 2004) or attentional shifts after the saccade (Hollingworth & Matsukura, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Transsaccadic integration relies on a limited memory resource

et al. 2021

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Saccadic eye movements cause large-scale transformations of the image falling on the retina. Rather than starting visual processing anew after each saccade, the visual system combines post-saccadic information with visual input from before the saccade. Crucially, the relative contribution of each source of information is weighted according to its precision, consistent with principles of optimal integration. We reasoned that, if pre-saccadic input is maintained in a resource-limited store, such as visual working memory, its precision will depend on the number of items stored, as well as their attentional priority. Observers estimated the color of stimuli that changed imperceptibly during a saccade, and we examined where reports fell on the continuum between pre- and post-saccadic values. Bias toward the post-saccadic color increased with the set size of the pre-saccadic display, consistent with an increased weighting of the post-saccadic input as precision of the pre-saccadic representation declined. In a second experiment, we investigated if transsaccadic memory resources are preferentially allocated to attentionally prioritized items. An arrow cue indicated one pre-saccadic item as more likely to be chosen for report. As predicted, valid cues increased response precision and biased responses toward the pre-saccadic color. We conclude that transsaccadic integration relies on a limited memory resource that is flexibly distributed between pre-saccadic stimuli.

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“…Trans-saccadic memory has been considered to be based on visual working memory ( Luck & Vogel, 1997 ), due to the similarities in limited memory capacity as well as the timing duration of a few seconds ( Bays & Husain, 2008 ; Cowan, 2011 ; Irwin, 1992 ; Irwin, 1996 ; Jeyachandra et al, 2018 ; Luck & Vogel, 1997 ). Previous studies have shown evidence for automatic attention leading to automatic encoding into visual working/trans-saccadic memory ( Hollingworth & Matsukura, 2019 ; Jonikaitis & Moore, 2019 ; Kong, Kroell, Schneegans, Aagten-Murphy, & Bays, 2021 ), at the expense of the item already in memory, namely here memory of the pre-saccadic symbol is disrupted, resulting in decreased discrimination performance. The observed disruption of trans-saccadic memory due to post-saccadic changes therefore adds arguments for limited resources in trans-saccadic memory ( Poth et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-saccadic changes disrupt attended pre-saccadic object memory

et al. 2021

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Trans-saccadic memory consists of keeping track of objects' locations and features across saccades; pre-saccadic information is remembered and compared with post-saccadic information. It has been shown to have limited resources and involve attention with respect to the selection of objects and features. In support, a previous study showed that recognition of distinct post-saccadic objects in the visual scene is impaired when pre-saccadic objects are relevant and thus already encoded in memory (Poth, Herwig, Schneider, 2015). Here, we investigated the inverse (i.e. how the memory of pre-saccadic objects is affected by abrupt but irrelevant changes in the post-saccadic visual scene). We also modulated the amount of attention to the relevant pre-saccadic object by having participants either make a saccade to it or elsewhere and observed that pre-saccadic attentional facilitation affected how much post-saccadic changes disrupted trans-saccadic memory of pre-saccadic objects.Participants identified a flashed symbol (d, b, p, or q, among distracters), at one of six placeholders (figures "8") arranged in circle around fixation while planning a saccade to one of them. They reported the identity of the symbol after the saccade. We changed the post-saccadic scene in Experiment one by removing the entire scene, only the placeholder where the pre-saccadic symbol was presented, or all other placeholders except this one. We observed reduced identification performance when only the saccade-target placeholder disappeared after the saccade. In Experiment two, we changed one placeholder location (inward/outward shift or rotation re. saccade vector) after the saccade and observed that identification performance decreased with increased shift/rotation of the saccade-target placeholder. We conclude that pre-saccadic memory is disrupted by abrupt attention-capturing post-saccadic changes of visual scene, particularly when these changes involve the object prioritized by being the goal of a saccade. These findings support the notion that limited trans-saccadic memory resources are disrupted when object correspondence at saccadic goal is broken through removal or location change.

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Feature-based guidance of attention during post-saccadic selection

Cited by 7 publications

References 65 publications

Oculomotor capture by search-irrelevant features in visual working memory: on the crucial role of target–distractor similarity

Oculomotor capture by search-irrelevant features in visual working memory: on the crucial role of target–distractor similarity

Transsaccadic integration relies on a limited memory resource

Post-saccadic changes disrupt attended pre-saccadic object memory

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