Feasibility study on the Laser Aided Additive Manufacturing of die inserts for liquid forging

A fundamental investigation on ultrasonic vibration-assisted laser engineered net shaping of stainless steel

“…In these investigations, most fabricated parts exhibit various fabrication defects, including porosity [9][10][11][12]15], cavity and cracking [13], residual stress [14,16], large heat-affected zone [16][17][18], uncertain microstructures [11,19], etc., which will greatly affect the qualities and mechanical properties of the fabricated parts.…”

Direct Metal Tool Fabrication of AISI 420 Tool Steel by Selective Laser Melting

“…It can be seen that spherical and irregular pores exist. The spherical holes may be caused by gas entrapped in the liquid metal during the SLM process or the atomization process, and the irregular pores maybe caused by lack of fusion (Bi et al, 2010). All the pores observed by OM had a size blow 10 m, which is much smaller than pores of H13 tool steel (Xie et al, 2005).…”

Review and Analysis of Powder Prior Boundary (PPB) Formation in Powder Metallurgy Processes for Nickel-based Super Alloys

“…In addition, by using PM methods micro structural control can be enhanced and thus component performance can be improved [5]. Also, complex net-shaped components can be produced by some PM technologies [6], such as hot isostatic pressing [7], metal injection moulding [4], additive layer manufacturing [8,9] and laser deposition manufacturing [10]. Two typical powder production methods for nickel-based super alloys are Argon Atomisation (AA) and Plasma Rotating Electrode Process (PREP).…”