Feasibility study of a natural crosslinking reagent for biological tissue fixation

Sung, Hsing‐Wen; Huang, Rong; Huang, Lynn Ling-Huei; Tsai, Chen Chi; Chiu, Chi Tung

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(19981215)42:4<560::aid-jbm12>3.0.co;2-i

Cited by 291 publications

(264 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Glutaraldehyde crosslinks proteins through the alkylation of lysine residues and other α-amino groups, [38,39] and is employed for instance when microtoming biological structures. Crystals of Fe 3 O 4 -ferritin with and without chemical fixation were allowed to dry, and then fixed to the FIB sample-holder using conductive silver paste.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Top-down design of magnonic crystals from bottom-up magnetic nanoparticles through protein arrays

et al. 2017

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We show that chemical fixation enables top-down micro-machining of large periodic 3D arrays of protein-encapsulated magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) without loss of order. We machined 3D micro-cubes containing a superlattice of NPs by means of focused ion beam etching, integrated an individual micro-cube to a thin-film coplanar waveguide and measured the resonant microwave response. Our work represents a major step towards well-defined magnonic metamaterials created from the self-assembly of magnetic nanoparticles. Keywords: Self-assembly; magnetic nanoparticle; Ferritin; Chemical fixation; Ferromagnetic resonance; Magnonic metamaterial; Magnonics Magnonic crystals from protein array 2 IntroductionInorganic NPs coated with surfactants can self-assemble via hydrophilic or hydrophobic interactions to form regular 2D or 3D structures (colloidal crystals) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] and NPs coated with biological molecules, DNA or proteins can also form highly ordered structures with tunable lattice parameters. [9,10] Many potential applications for such materials require their patterning into well-defined shapes and the exact positioning of the self-assembled superlattices. For example, thin sections of semiconductor colloidal crystals would be useful for electronic devices exploiting the charge storage capacity of the NPs[11] and shaped arrays of metal NPs for plasmonic devices. [12] To develop integrated devices containing functional NPs periodically arranged in three dimensions, it is necessary to fabricate samples of the self-assembled 3D NPs arrays with welldefined geometries, often with flat surfaces, to precisely generate and analyze electric and magnetic properties. This is in particular true for superlattices consisting of ordered magnetic particles. Here, the long-range magnetic stray fields and demagnetization effect depend critically on the surfaces and alter the internal magnetic field. The internal magnetic field rules the microwave response and spin-wave (magnon) modes [13] which are of relevance in very different fields ranging from biomedicine[14] to microwave devices [15] and magnonics [16]. Non-flat or irregular surfaces do not allow one to precisely determine the demagnetization factors necessary for a detailed data analysis. At the same time three-dimensionally arranged nanoparticles are expected to exhibit lattice-induced anisotropic properties that might be compromised by irregular shapes. Therefore, a method to machine an exact shape and size with well-defined surfaces is indispensable for device development and applications while still keeping the periodicity of the NPs. Also precise positioning of the machined structure is of utmost importance.Thin sections of magnetic NPs are of special interest for their magnetotransport properties[17] and for use in magnetic devices operated at microwave frequencies. [14][15][16] Often, randomly oriented magnetic NPs have been addressed. [14,15,18] In the research field of magnonics, however, strictly periodic magnetic nanostructures that form artifici...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Top-down design of magnonic crystals from bottom-up magnetic nanoparticles through protein arrays

et al. 2017

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“…41 Moreover, the genipin-crosslinked materials had comparable mechanical strength and resistance to in vitro enzymatic degradation as that of glutaraldehyde-crosslinked samples. 42 We therefore hypothesized that crosslinking CDM with biologically derived genipin would improve scaffold functionality by reducing the magnitude of construct contraction while still inducing chondrogenic differentiation of human ASCs in vitro. …”

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confidence: 99%

Genipin-Crosslinked Cartilage-Derived Matrix as a Scaffold for Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Chondrogenesis

Cheng

Estes²,

Young³

et al. 2013

Tissue Engineering Part A

116

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Autologous cell-based tissue engineering using three-dimensional scaffolds holds much promise for the repair of cartilage defects. Previously, we reported on the development of a porous scaffold derived solely from native articular cartilage, which can induce human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) to differentiate into a chondrogenic phenotype without exogenous growth factors. However, this ASC-seeded cartilage-derived matrix (CDM) contracts over time in culture, which may limit certain clinical applications. The present study aimed to investigate the ability of chemical crosslinking using a natural biologic crosslinker, genipin, to prevent scaffold contraction while preserving the chondrogenic potential of CDM. CDM scaffolds were crosslinked in various genipin concentrations, seeded with ASCs, and then cultured for 4 weeks to evaluate the influence of chemical crosslinking on scaffold contraction and ASC chondrogenesis. At the highest crosslinking degree of 89%, most cells failed to attach to the scaffolds and resulted in poor formation of a new extracellular matrix. Scaffolds with a low crosslinking density of 4% experienced cell-mediated contraction similar to our original report on noncrosslinked CDM. Using a 0.05% genipin solution, a crosslinking degree of 50% was achieved, and the ASC-seeded constructs exhibited no significant contraction during the culture period. Moreover, expression of cartilage-specific genes, synthesis, and accumulation of cartilage-related macromolecules and the development of mechanical properties were comparable to the original CDM. These findings support the potential use of a moderately (i.e., approximately one-half of the available lysine or hydroxylysine residues being crosslinked) crosslinked CDM as a contraction-free biomaterial for cartilage tissue engineering. IntroductionT rauma, congenital anomalies, and age-related degeneration may contribute to the loss of articular cartilage and, ultimately, to the onset of osteoarthritis. In these cases, tissue regeneration remains a challenging clinical problem because of the limited self-repair capacity of cartilage.1 Current therapies for cartilage injuries include physical procedures such as tissue debridement and microfracture of the subchondral bone, as well as transplantation of autologous or allogeneic osteochondral graftsorchondrocytes. 2-6These procedures can achieve a certain degree of success in some patients, but the clinical outcomes are inconsistent, and further cartilage degeneration is inevitable in most cases. 6,7 While significant advances have been made in tissueengineered repair of articular cartilage, a number of challenges remain in the development of functional cartilage replacements.8 For example, the selection of a cell source for cartilage tissue-engineering strategies is a complicated, yet, critical issue. 9 The use of autologous chondrocytes for regenerating or repairing cartilage lesions is available currently as a clinical therapy, but has certain important limitations. The isolation of autologous chond...

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“…Assim, sistemas mais complexos têm sido propostos para contornar estas limitações, nos quais AH e QUI são ligados através de uma reticulação química com agentes tais como carbodiimida, o glutaraldeído, genipina, e di-hidrazida adica [68,69] . Porém, muitas vezes o uso de agentes de reticulação química tem sido vistos como um obstáculo no preparo de hidrogéis, devido à sua toxicidade para células [70,71] . Uma alternativa para a associação de AH e QUI, sem a adição de um agente reticulante, é por meio de uma oxidação.…”

Section: Aplicação De Hidrogéis a Base De áCido Hialurônico E Quitosaunclassified

Hidrogéis a base de ácido hialurônico e quitosana para engenharia de tecido cartilaginoso

Nascimento

Lombello

2016

Polímeros

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AesumoA Engenharia de Tecidos envolve o desenvolvimento de novos materiais ou dispositivos capazes de interações específicas com os tecidos biológicos, buscando a utilização de materiais biocompatíveis que devem servir como arcabouço para o crescimento de células in vitro, organizando e desenvolvendo o tecido que posteriormente será implantado no paciente. Uma variedade de arcabouços como hidrogéis poliméricos, sintéticos e naturais, têm sido investigados para a expansão de condrócitos in vitro, visando o reparo da cartilagem lesionada. Um hidrogel de interesse particular na regeneração de cartilagem é o ácido hialurónico (AH). Trata-se de um biopolímero atraente para a fabricação de arcabouços artificiais para Engenharia de Tecidos por ser biocompatível e biodegradável. A biocompatibilidade do AH deve-se ao fato de estar presente na matriz extracelular nativa, deste modo, cria-se um ambiente propício que facilita a adesão, proliferação e diferenciação celular, além da existência de sinalização celular específica, o que contribui para a regeneração do tecido. O uso de hidrogel composto de ácido hialurónico e quitosana (QUI) também tem sido investigado em aplicações de Engenharia de Tecidos de cartilagem, com resultados promissores. Baseando-se nestas informações, o objetivo este trabalho foi investigar as alternativas disponíveis para regeneração tecidual da cartilagem e conhecer mais detalhadamente as relações entre células e biomateriais. Palavras-chave: ácido hialurônico, biocompatibilidade, engenharia de tecidos, quitosana, cultura de células. AbstractTissue Engineering involves the development of new materials or devices capable of specific interactions with biological tissues, searching the use of biocompatible materials as scaffolds for cell growth in vitro, organizing and developing tissue that is subsequently implanted into the patient. A variety of scaffolds such as polymeric hydrogels, natural and synthetic, have been investigated for the expansion of chondrocytes in vitro in order to repair the damaged cartilage. A hydrogel of particular interest in cartilage regeneration is hyaluronic acid (HA). HA are attractive biopolymers for manufacturing artificial scaffolds for Tissue Engineering, it is biocompatible and biodegradable. The biocompatibility of HA is due to the fact that it is present in native extracellular matrix, thus creates an environment, which facilitates the adhesion, proliferation and differentiation, in addition to the existence of specific cell signaling, which contributes to tissue regeneration. The use of hydrogel composed of hyaluronic acid and chitosan (CHI) has also been investigated for applications in Tissue Engineering of soft tissues, like cartilage, with promising results. Based on this information, this study aims to investigate the alternatives available for cartilage tissue regeneration and meet more detail the relationships between cells and biomaterials.

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Feasibility study of a natural crosslinking reagent for biological tissue fixation

Cited by 291 publications

References 25 publications

Top-down design of magnonic crystals from bottom-up magnetic nanoparticles through protein arrays

Top-down design of magnonic crystals from bottom-up magnetic nanoparticles through protein arrays

Genipin-Crosslinked Cartilage-Derived Matrix as a Scaffold for Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Chondrogenesis

Hidrogéis a base de ácido hialurônico e quitosana para engenharia de tecido cartilaginoso

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