Feasibility of water seepage monitoring in concrete with embedded smart aggregates by P-wave travel time measurement

Zou, Dujian; Liu, Tiejun; Huang, Yongchao; Zhang, Fuyao; Du, Chao; Li, Bo

doi:10.1088/0964-1726/23/6/067003

Cited by 48 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…By interrogating the signals detected by the sensor, the changes along the wave propagating path between the actuator and the sensor can be monitored. Examples of active sensing with embedded SAs include crack and damage detection of concrete structures [44][45][46][47][48], water seepage monitoring of cement [49][50][51], soil freeze-thaw status monitoring [52], and cure-state monitoring [53]. In addition, the concept of active sensing using PZT transducers is extended to bolt looseness monitoring [54,55].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility Study of Interlayer Slide Monitoring Using Postembedded Piezoceramic Smart Aggregates

Kong

Lim

et al. 2018

Journal of Sensors

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Utilizing embedded transducers is an effective approach to monitor a landslide. However, for existing structures, sensors can only be postembedded, which involves drilling and grouting, and may change the original state of the structure, which calls for the need to study the effectiveness of postembedded transducers. The main focus of this paper is the feasibility study of the interlayer slide detection using postembedded piezoceramic smart aggregates (SAs). In this study, a small landslide structure that involves a weak layer is studied and two pairs of SAs were embedded in predetermined positions inside the structure. To study the difference, one pair of transducer was preembedded and the other pair was postembedded. Within each pair, one SA was employed as an actuator to generate stress waves, and another SA used as a sensor to detect wave responses. Active-sensing approach was developed to perform continuous monitoring during structural loading that was used to induce an interlayer slide. The occurrence of interlayer slide attenuates wave energy and decreases signal intensity. A wavelet-packed index was proposed to detect the occurrence and development of interlayer slide. Experimental results demonstrated that SA installation through postembedding process is an innovative yet effective approach to monitor interlayer slide.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility Study of Interlayer Slide Monitoring Using Postembedded Piezoceramic Smart Aggregates

Kong

Lim

et al. 2018

Journal of Sensors

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“…1. The SA is designed by sandwiching a PZT disk between copper sheets and then embedding in two machined marble blocks [40,41], as shown in Fig. 2.…”

Section: Piezoceramic Transducers and Active Sensing Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of bond behavior between FRP/steel bars and self-compacting concrete using piezoceramic transducers based on wavelet energy analysis

Zhou

Zheng

et al. 2020

Archiv.Civ.Mech.Eng

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The civil infrastructures constructed using self-compacting concrete (SCC) reinforced with fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bars are advocated for engineering applications due to corrosion resistance and environmental-friendly performance. The bond behavior between FRP reinforcement and SCC is a significant factor affecting the serviceability and failure mechanism of this composite structure. However, it is hard to identify the damage mechanism and failure mode of the interface bond using the traditional test methods. Therefore, an effective monitoring method of interface damage using piezoceramic transducers is proposed in this paper. A series of pull-out tests were performed, and the test variables involved concrete materials and reinforcing bar types. A lead zirconate titanate (PZT) patch transducer acting as an actuator was bonded on the outer surface of reinforcing bars, and a piezoceramic smart aggregate transducer acting as a sensor was embedded in the SCC. A wavelet energy ratio index (WERI) is proposed to identify the damage mechanism of interface between reinforcing bars and SCC. The experimental test results reveal that the damage mechanism and failure mode of the bond between different reinforcing bars and concrete materials can be identified effectively and the peak of bond stress can be captured accurately by using WERI values.

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“…Such kinds of transducers have been successfully used for the monitoring of (i) cement and concrete hydration [14,15], (ii) the evolution of the compressive strength of concrete at early age [16,17], (iii) concrete cracking [18][19][20][21][22], (iv) water seepage [23][24][25] and (v) mechanical properties of concrete [26] including the acoustoelastic effect in compression [27]. At ULB-BATir, we have worked on the development of our own embedded transducers to measure the P-wave velocity at early-age [28] and monitor cracking in several laboratory tests [29,30] (pull-out, three-points bending and compressive tests).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embedding ultrasonic transducers in concrete: A lifelong monitoring technology

Deraemaeker

2019

Construction and Building Materials

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This paper deals with lifelong monitoring of concrete structures using embedded piezoelectric transducers. Thanks to such transducers, monitoring of the concrete can be automated both at the early age, right after the concrete is cast, and over the long term, until the end of the lifetime of the structure. For long term monitoring, the wave velocity variations introduced by operational factors effects should be filtered out. In the present study, we introduce a new technique called the Direct Wave Interferometry (DWI) which uses time stretching only on the early part of the recorded wave. This appears to be a good tradeoff between the high resolution of the Coda Wave Interferometry (CWI) for low velocity variations and the reliability of the measurement of the time of flight (TOF) for large velocity variations.

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Feasibility of water seepage monitoring in concrete with embedded smart aggregates by P-wave travel time measurement

Cited by 48 publications

References 29 publications

Feasibility Study of Interlayer Slide Monitoring Using Postembedded Piezoceramic Smart Aggregates

Feasibility Study of Interlayer Slide Monitoring Using Postembedded Piezoceramic Smart Aggregates

Identification of bond behavior between FRP/steel bars and self-compacting concrete using piezoceramic transducers based on wavelet energy analysis

Embedding ultrasonic transducers in concrete: A lifelong monitoring technology

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