Feasibility of screening broiler chicken flocks for risk markers as an aid for meat inspection

Lupo, Coralie; Bouquin, Sophie Le; Balaine, L.; Michel, Virginie; Péraste, J.; Petetin, Isabelle; Colin, P.; Chauvin, Claire

doi:10.1017/s095026880900209x

Cited by 21 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…If producers cull sick and disabled birds during rearing (Ansong-Danquah 1987) and catchers identify birds that are either not fit for transport or are too small for slaughter, there are fewer birds at risk of mortality during transport due to pre-existing conditions. Lupo et al (2009) found significant relationships between (a) the % DOA and the % of birds condemned after slaughter as not fit for human consumption due the presence of macroscopic abnormalities, and (b) the % mortality during rearing and the % of birds condemned F o r R e v i e w O n l y after slaughter, as not fit for human consumption. Broilers can be weakened during rearing due to infectious diseases causing pathophysiological changes and this can place them at a greater risk of mortality during transport (Nijdam et al 2006).…”

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confidence: 91%

Injury and mortality in broilers during handling and transport to slaughter

Cockram

Dulal

2018

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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Multiple factors affect the risk of broiler injury and mortality during loading, transport, and lairage. These include the physical and pathophysiological condition of broilers before loading and the type of handling procedures used. The external environmental conditions have a major influence on the risk of mortality. Combinations of high stocking density, insufficient ventilation, and high temperature and humidity pose a risk of hyperthermia. Combinations of wet conditions, cold temperature, and air movement, increase the risk of hypothermia. However, protection from cold and wet conditions involves the use of side protection that restricts the trailer ventilation that can cause heat and moisture to build up in the load, increasing the risk of hyperthermia. Modular systems reduce the risk of injury and facilitate unloading into a lairage where temperature and ventilation can be controlled. The duration of loading, transport, and lairage increases the mortality risk. Deaths can occur during each stage and interactions between the duration of the preslaughter stages, the thermal environment, fasting, ill-health, and injury can reduce the physiological capacity of the birds to maintain homoeostasis resulting in exhaustion and death. Quality control and action on the identified risk factors should reduce injury and mortality during preslaughter handling and transport.

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confidence: 91%

Injury and mortality in broilers during handling and transport to slaughter

Cockram

Dulal

2018

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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“…It also indicates that the birds concerned might have experienced poor welfare, and dead on arrival (DoA) shall be recorded in the European Union according to Council Directive 2007/43/EC (2007. Moreover, it has recently been shown that DoAs are related to subsequent sanitary condemnation (Lupo et al, 2009). Both DoA and carcass rejection can result from all primary production steps (Lupo et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, it has recently been shown that DoAs are related to subsequent sanitary condemnation (Lupo et al, 2009). Both DoA and carcass rejection can result from all primary production steps (Lupo et al, 2009). In an integrated 'from farm to fork' approach to food animal production, all these primary production steps should be considered as related to poultry production quality (Terlouw et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with mortality of broilers during transport to slaughterhouse

Chauvin

Hillion

Balaine

et al. 2011

Animal

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In recent years, broiler mortality during transport to the slaughterhouse has become a cause for concern because of animal welfare considerations and associated economic losses. A descriptive and analytical epidemiological study was carried out to estimate the extent of DoA in poultry broiler production in the main producing regions of France and to determine factors influencing the DoA rate. Data regarding animal characteristics and rearing, catching, transport and lairage conditions were collected on farm and at the slaughterhouse for 404 chicken broiler flocks processed during 2005. The average DoA rate was 0.18% (from 0% to 1.4%). Variables found to be associated ( P , 0.05) with the DoA rate in a multivariable negative binomial model were flock cumulative mortality on farm, the catching system (mechanical being more at risk than manual), the density in crates (more space allowance being associated with less mortality) and climatic conditions (rain and wind being associated with more DoA). Mortality during transport is thus related to all production steps from the farm to the slaughterhouse. Efforts have therefore to be made by all professionals to contain mortality on farm and during catching and transportation.

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“…In a national study of male turkeys at slaughter in France during 2006, the within-flock weighted average condemnation proportion was 1.8% (95% confidence interval, 1.3-2.3%; Lupo et al, 2010b). In a study of broilers slaughtered in France during 2005, a condemnation rate between 0.85 and 0.89% was observed (Lupo et al, 2009). …”

Section: Removal Of Visual Post-mortem Inspectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lupo and coworkers (Lupo et al, 2008(Lupo et al, , 2009(Lupo et al, , 2010a describe several studies investigating whether primary production information would predict the risk of condemnation. In a study of male turkey broilers, using data from 2006 from 117 flocks in 13 slaughterhouses located in Western France, three variables were found to be significantly associated with increased risk of condemnation: observed locomotor disorders on the farm, high cumulative mortality 2 weeks before slaughter, and clinical signs observed by the Veterinary Services during the ante-mortem inspection at the slaughterhouse (Lupo et al, 2010b).…”

Section: Incorporating Food Chain Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the public health hazards to be covered by inspection of meat (poultry)

2012

EFS2

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A qualitative risk assessment identified Campylobacter spp., Salmonella spp. and ESBL/AmpC gene-carrying bacteria as the most relevant biological hazards in the context of meat inspection of poultry. As none of these are detected by traditional visual meat inspection, establishing an integrated food safety assurance system, achievable through improved food chain information (FCI) and risk-based interventions, was proposed. This includes setting targets at carcass level and, when appropriate, flock level indicating what should be achieved for a given hazard. Elements of the system would be risk categorisation of flocks based on FCI and classification of abattoirs according to their capability to reduce carcass faecal contamination. It is proposed that post-mortem visual inspection is replaced by setting targets for the main hazards on the carcass, and by verification of the food business operator"s hygiene management, using Process Hygiene Criteria. Chemical substances that might SUMMARYFollowing a request from the European Commission to EFSA, the Panel on Biological Hazards (BIOHAZ) and the Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM) were asked to deliver a Scientific Opinion on the public health hazards (biological and chemical, respectively) to be covered by inspection of poultry meat. Briefly, these Panels were asked to identify and rank the main risks for public health that should be addressed by meat inspection, to assess the strengths and weaknesses of the current meat inspection methodology, to recommend inspection methods fit for the purpose of meeting the overall objectives of meat inspection for hazards currently not covered by the meat inspection system, and to recommend adaptations of inspection methods and/or frequencies of inspections that provide an equivalent level of protection. In addition, the Panel on Animal Health and Welfare (AHAW) was asked to consider the implications for animal health and animal welfare of any changes proposed to current meat inspection methods. The three EFSA Panels presented the following key conclusions and recommendations:For biological hazards, a decision tree was developed and used for risk ranking poultry meat-borne hazards. The ranking was based on the magnitude of the human health impact, the severity of the disease in humans, the proportion of human cases that can be attributed to the handling, preparation and consumption of poultry meat, and the occurrence of the hazards in poultry flocks and carcasses. Campylobacter spp. and Salmonella spp. were considered to be of high public health relevance for poultry meat inspection. Extended spectrum -lactamase (ESBL)/AmpC gene-carrying bacteria were considered to be of medium to high (E. coli), and low to medium (Salmonella) public health relevance. Data for ranking C. difficile were insufficient, but based on the limited information available, the risk at the present time was considered to be low. All other hazards were considered to be of low public health relevance.Risk ranking of chemical hazards was...

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Feasibility of screening broiler chicken flocks for risk markers as an aid for meat inspection

Cited by 21 publications

References 24 publications

Injury and mortality in broilers during handling and transport to slaughter

Injury and mortality in broilers during handling and transport to slaughter

Factors associated with mortality of broilers during transport to slaughterhouse

Scientific Opinion on the public health hazards to be covered by inspection of meat (poultry)

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