Feasibility of recycled newspaper as cellulose source for regenerated cellulose membrane fabrication

Abstract

An environmental friendly regenerated cellulose membrane (RCM) was successfully prepared via NaOH/urea aqueous solution system by utilizing recycled newspaper (RNP) as the cellulose source. The morphological and chemical structure of resulting membrane were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Results from FTIR and XRD verified that the transparent RCM possesses cellulose II structure. SEM observation revealed that the transparent RCM consist of homogeneous dense symmetric membrane structure and composed of a skin layer with mean roughness parameter R a , obtained from AFM analysis of 29.53 nm. Pure water flux, water content, water contact angle, porosity, and pore size of the resulting membrane were also measured. This study promotes the potential of the cellulose-based membrane obtained from low cost cellulose source for application in filtration and separation system. V C 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42684. Recently, a variety of solvents based on aqueous alkali (containing NaOH and urea) have been developed and shown to be suitable for fiber spinning, membrane and aerogel formation, cellulose blending, and homogeneous cellulose modification. 20 A number of researchers reported that the 7 wt % NaOH/ 12 wt % urea aqueous solution pre-cooled to 2128C has been

Cellulose-based films prepared directly from waste newspapers via an ionic liquid

“…The X-ray diffraction profiles of MCC, WNP, p-WNP, and regenerated films are shown inFigure 3to display more information about the crystalline phase in these samples. Clearly, the XRD profiles of MCC, to (1-10), (110), and (200) lattice planes of cellulose Ⅰ(Cao et al, 2010;Mohamed et al, 2015b). After dissolution and regeneration of p-WNP, the XRD profile of the Film gives a broad peak at 2θ = 20.0° and two narrow peaks at 2θ = 12.5 and 25.0°, while that of the f-Film exhibits only a main and broad peak at 2θ = 20.0°.…”

Two-Sided Surface Oxidized Cellulose Membranes Modified with PEI: Preparation, Characterization and Application for Dyes Removal

“…The mean pore radius, r f , was calculated by employing Equation (3), derived based on the straight-through cylindrical pore model [29]. η=8×η×I×JP×ΔP where η is the water viscosity (8.9 × 10 −4 Pa s), I is the membrane thickness (m), J is the permeation flux (m 3 ·m −2 ·s −1 ) and Δ P is the load pressure (Pa).…”

Novel Membranes Regenerated from Blends of Cellulose/Gluten Using Ethylenediamine/Potassium Thiocyanate Solvent System

“…However, the peaks were spread out with an increase of gluten concentration. We could assume that the sharper the peaks were the higher the crystallinity of membrane [17]. With the increasing concentration of gluten, the crystallinity of membranes decreased, because of the rearrangement of macromolecules during dissolution and regeneration.…”

“…With the increasing concentration of gluten, the crystallinity of membranes decreased, because of the rearrangement of macromolecules during dissolution and regeneration. The ED/KSCN solvent dissolved crystalline form of cellulose by destroying inter-and intramolecular hydrogen bonds between the cellulose molecules [17]. During the regeneration (coagulation), (some of) hydrogen bonds reformed.…”