Feasibility of No-Tillage and Ridge Tillage Systems in the Northeastern USA

Cox, William J.; Otis, David L.; Es, Harold van; Gaffney, F. B.; Snyder, Darwin P.; Reynolds, Kimberly; Grinten, M. van der

doi:10.2134/jpa1992.0111

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Corn also had 11 g kg −1 more moisture in the grain at harvest in the soybean–corn rotation in ridge tillage under low vs. high chemical management (295 vs. 284 g kg −1 , respectively), compared with no difference in moldboard plow (265 g kg −1 ) and chisel tillage (269 g kg −1 ). Other researchers (Al‐Darby and Lowery, 1986; Griffith et al, 1988; Cox et al, 1992) reported similar grain moisture between ridge and moldboard plow tillage in continuous corn. In this study, average grain moisture in continuous corn differed the least between ridge (281 g kg −1 ) and moldboard plow tillage (274 g kg −1 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

Tillage × Rotation × Management Interactions in Corn

Katsvairo

Cox

2000

Agronomy Journal

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Although corn (Zea mays L.) yields following soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] or wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) exceed yields of continuous corn, continuous corn is common in the northeastern USA because of demand for corn by the dairy industry. We evaluated corn under different tillage (moldboard plow, chisel, and ridge), rotation (continuous corn, soybean–corn, soybean–corn–corn, and soybean–wheat/red clover (Trifolium pratense L.)–corn), and management systems (high and low chemical input) for 6 yr to determine optimum cropping systems for corn. In moldboard plow, corn in soybean–wheat/red clover–corn (9.2 Mg ha−1) and soybean–corn (8.5 Mg ha−1) rotations under low chemical yielded greater than continuous corn under high chemical management (7.9 Mg ha−1). In chisel tillage, corn in the soybean–corn rotation yielded greater under high chemical (8.9 Mg ha−1) and similarly under low chemical (7.9 Mg ha−1) compared with continuous corn under high chemical management (7.6 Mg ha−1). In ridge tillage, corn in soybean–corn or first‐year corn in soybean–corn–corn rotations yielded greater under high chemical (8.1 Mg ha−1) but less under low chemical (6.3 and 6.8 Mg ha−1, respectively) compared with continuous corn under high chemical management (7.5 Mg ha−1). Growers under similar environmental conditions to this study can increase corn yields while reducing inputs by adopting soybean–wheat/red clover–corn and soybean–corn rotations in moldboard plow or a soybean–corn rotation in chisel tillage. In ridge tillage, growers could adopt soybean–corn or soybean–corn–corn rotations, which would increase corn yields but not reduce inputs when compared with continuous corn.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

Tillage × Rotation × Management Interactions in Corn

Katsvairo

Cox

2000

Agronomy Journal

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“…Net returns for continuous corn under high chemical management averaged $48 ha −1 in moldboard plow, $33 ha −1 in ridge, and $12 ha −1 in chisel tillage (Tables 4, 5, and 6). In a previous study on New York farms, Cox et al (1992) reported similar net returns in continuous corn between moldboard plow and ridge tillage systems. Chase and Duffy (1991), however, reported greater net returns in continuous corn for moldboard plow compared with ridge tillage systems, but similar net returns between moldboard plow and chisel tillage systems.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 72%

Economics of Cropping Systems Featuring Different Rotations, Tillage, and Management

Katsvairo

Cox

2000

Agronomy Journal

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board plow tillage systems ($361 ha Ϫ1 ) had greater net returns than ridge tillage ($321 ha Ϫ1 ). Liu and Duffy Economics is the dominant factor influencing the adoption of crop-(1996), however, reported that Iowa growers in 1992 ping systems. The objective of this 6-yr study was to determine profitability of cropping systems featuring four crop rotations (continuous and 1993 had greater average net returns in ridge ($106 corn (Zea mays L.), soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]-corn, soybean-ha Ϫ1 ) compared with moldboard plow ($80 ha Ϫ1 ) and corn-corn, and soybean-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)/red clover A 6-yr tillage ϫ rotation ϫ management study was concornell.edu). ducted from 1992 to 1997 on a silt loam soil (fine loamy, mixed, mesic Aeric Haplaquept) at the Robert B. Musgrave Published in Agron.

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“…Ridge-tillage can maintain warmer soil temperatures because of the ridge configuration and removal of residue from the seed zone during the planting operation (Radke, 1982;Cox et al 1990). Ridge-tillage also has been reported to be one of the most economical tillage system in many areas (Doster et al, 1983;Cox et al, 1992). A major disadvantage of the ridge system, however, is that nutrient placement options are limited because of the lack of primary tillage operations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of phosphorus application method and rate on furrow‐irrigated ridge‐tilled grain sorghum

Gordon¹,

Whitney²

2000

Journal of Plant Nutrition

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Conservation tillage systems, including ridge-tillage, have become increasing popular with producers in the central Great Plains because of their effectiveness in controlling soil erosion and conserving water. A major disadvantage of the ridge system is that nutrient placement options are limited by lack of any primary tillage options. The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of method of phosphorus (P) placement and rate on irrigated grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] grown in a ridge-tillage system on a soil low in available P. This experiment was conducted from 1993 to 1995 on a producer's field near the North Central Kansas Experiment Field at Scandia, Kansas on a Carr sandy loam soil (course, loamy, mixed, calcareous, mesic, Typic Udifuvents). Treatments consisted of fertilizer application methods, surface broadcast, single band starter (5 cm to the side and 5 cm below seed), dual band starter (one band on each side of the row), and knifed in the center of the row middle (38 cm from each adjacent row). Each of these treatments was made at either 22 or 44 kg P 2 O 5 ha -1 , and nitrogen (N) also was included at the rate of 13 kg ha -1 . Additional treatments were, a combination of 13 kg N 23 24 GORDON AND WHITNEY and 44 kg P 2 O 5 ha -1 applied half broadcast and half as a single band starter, a 1:1 N:P 2 O 5 ratio (44 kg N and 44 kg P 2 O 5 ha -1 ) applied as a single band starter, and a 3:1 ratio (134 kg N and 44 kg P 2 O 5 ha -1 ) applied as a single band starter. A no-P check plot also was included. Broadcast and center-of-row middle knife applications were made approximately 1 week before planting. After planting, N was balanced on all plots to give a total of 180 kg ha -1 . Applied P treatments improved grain yield and nutrient uptake and consistently shortened the time from emergence to mid-bloom in all 3 years of the experiment. On this low soil test P soil, treatments that subsurface banded P increased grain yield by 1.27 Mg ha -1 compared to broadcast treatments. Placing N and P in a single starter band 5 cm to the side and 5 cm below the seed was as effective as placing a band on each side of the row. Knife applying N and P in the center of the row was not as effective as placement beside the row. Single band starter application of N and P in a 1:1 and or 3:1 N:P 2 O 5 ratio consistently increased yields and nutrient uptake and shortened the time to mid-bloom as compared to the single band starter treatment that provided only 13 kg N ha -1 . Over the 3 years of the study, these 1:1 and 3:1 N:P 2 O 5 ratio starters were clearly superior to an other treatments.

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Feasibility of No-Tillage and Ridge Tillage Systems in the Northeastern USA

Cited by 18 publications

References 14 publications

Tillage × Rotation × Management Interactions in Corn

Tillage × Rotation × Management Interactions in Corn

Economics of Cropping Systems Featuring Different Rotations, Tillage, and Management

Effects of phosphorus application method and rate on furrow‐irrigated ridge‐tilled grain sorghum

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