Feasibility of Escape, Evacuation and Rescue for Facilities in Arctic Shear Zone Environments

Marsden, A.; Totten, Melanie; Spring, Walt

doi:10.4043/22055-ms

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Over the years, evacuation means have been subject to technological developments adapted for the geographical climate conditions; see for example Hall and Seligman (2011), Jacobsen (2012), Marsden, Totten, and Spring (2011), Ré (2011) and Ré and Veitch (2013). Marsden et al (2011) recommend multiple types of crafts to provide options for vastly different conditions and more integrated approaches that seek to balance the weaker components.…”

Section: Part IIImentioning

confidence: 99%

International Arctic Petroleum Cooperation

2015

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The Arctic region contains large amounts of natural resources considered necessary to sustain global economic growth, so it is unsurprising that it is increasingly susceptible to political, economic, environmental and even military conflicts. This book looks in detail at the preconditions and outlook for international cooperation on the development of Arctic petroleum resources, focusing on Norwegian-Russian cooperation in the Barents Sea towards 2025.The authors provide a cross-disciplinary approach including geopolitical, institutional, technological, corporate and environmental perspectives to analyze the underlying factors that shape the future development of the region. Three future scenarios are developed, exploring various levels of cooperation and development influenced by and resulting from potential political, commercial and environmental circumstances. Through these scenarios, the book improves understanding of the challenges and opportunities for Arctic petroleum resource development and promotes further consideration of the possible outcomes of future cooperation.The book should be of interest to students, scholars and policy-makers working in the areas of Arctic studies, oil and gas studies, energy security, global environmental governance, environmental politics and environmental technology.

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Section: Part IIImentioning

confidence: 99%

International Arctic Petroleum Cooperation

2015

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“…Remoteness, Arctic winter darkness, extreme weather conditions, and poor communication network coverage in the area pose a challenge for the use of remote telemedicine services [ 4 , 10 , 15 - 18 ]. Moreover, during a large-scale accident such as a shipwreck, the temperature of the region, which might go below −40 o C [ 16 , 19 , 20 ], further reduces the chances of victims surviving until search and rescue teams arrive. This situation has posed additional challenges for the implementation of successful emergency telemedicine services in the Arctic region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Telemedicine Services for the Arctic: A Systematic Review

Woldaregay¹,

Walderhaug²,

Hartvigsen³

2017

JMIR Med Inform

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BackgroundTelemedicine services have been successfully used in areas where there are adequate infrastructures such as reliable power and communication lines. However, despite the increasing number of merchants and seafarers, maritime and Arctic telemedicine have had limited success. This might be linked with various factors such as lack of good infrastructure, lack of trained onboard personnel, lack of Arctic-enhanced telemedicine equipment, extreme weather conditions, remoteness, and other geographical challenges.ObjectiveThe purpose of this review was to assess and analyze the current status of telemedicine services in the context of maritime conditions, extreme weather (ie, Arctic weather), and remote accidents and emergencies. Moreover, the paper aimed to identify successfully implemented telemedicine services in the Arctic region and in maritime settings and remote emergency situations and present state of the art systems for these areas. Finally, we identified the status quo of telemedicine services in the context of search and rescue (SAR) scenarios in these extreme conditions.MethodsA rigorous literature search was conducted between September 7 and October 28, 2015, through various online databases. Peer reviewed journals and articles were considered. Relevant articles were first identified by reviewing the title, keywords, and abstract for a preliminary filter with our selection criteria, and then we reviewed full-text articles that seemed relevant. Information from the selected literature was extracted based on some predefined categories, which were defined based on previous research and further elaborated upon via iterative brainstorming.ResultsThe initial hits were vetted using the title, abstract, and keywords, and we retrieved a total of 471 papers. After removing duplicates from the list, 422 records remained. Then, we did an independent assessment of the articles and screening based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, which eliminated another 219 papers, leaving 203 relevant papers. After a full-text assessment, 36 articles were left, which were critically analyzed. The inter-rater agreement was measured using Cohen Kappa test, and disagreements were resolved through discussion.ConclusionsDespite the increasing number of fishermen and other seafarers, Arctic and maritime working conditions are mainly characterized by an absence of access to health care facilities. The condition is further aggravated for fishermen and seafarers who are working in the Arctic regions. In spite of the existing barriers and challenges, some telemedicine services have recently been successfully delivered in these areas. These services include teleconsultation (9/37, 24%), teleradiology (8/37, 22%), teledermatology and tele-education (3/37, 8%), telemonitoring and telecardiology (telesonography) (1/37, 3%), and others (10/37, 27%). However, the use of telemedicine in relation to search and rescue (SAR) services is not yet fully exploited. Therefore, we foresee that these implemented and evaluated telemedicine servic...

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Feasibility of Escape, Evacuation and Rescue for Facilities in Arctic Shear Zone Environments

Cited by 2 publications

References 2 publications

International Arctic Petroleum Cooperation

International Arctic Petroleum Cooperation

Telemedicine Services for the Arctic: A Systematic Review

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