Feasibility of dsRNA treatment for post-clearing SPF shrimp stocks of newly discovered viral infections using Laem Singh virus (LSNV) as a model

Saksmerprome, Vanvimon; Charoonnart, Patai; Flegel, Timothy W.

doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2017.04.012

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…32 Postlarvae produced from pathogen free stocks showed a marked increase in shrimp production. In shrimp hatcheries, premating injection of brood stocks with dsRNA specific to Laem Singh virus inhibited replication and substantially reduced virus transmission to the spawned progenies compared with the control 28 RNAi is a feasible method to target new emerging viral threats. The most lethal shrimp virus is the white spot syndrome virus.…”

Section: ■ Defensive Barriers Affect the Delivery And Uptake Of Rnai ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

RNA Interference in Aquaculture: A Small Tool for Big Potential

Abo‐Al‐Ela

2021

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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For decades, the tight regulatory functions of DNA and RNA have been the focus of extensive research with the goal of harnessing RNA molecules (e.g., microRNA and small interfering RNA) to control gene expression and to study biological functions. RNA interference (RNAi) has shown evidence of mediating gene expression, has been utilized to study functional genomics, and recently has potential in therapeutic agents. RNAi is a natural mechanism and a well-studied tool that can be used to silence specific genes. This method is also used in aquaculture as a research tool and to enhance immune responses. RNAi methods do have their limitations (e.g., immune triggering); efficient and easy-to-use RNAi methods for large-scale applications need further development. Despite these limitations, RNAi methods have been successfully used in aquaculture, in particular shrimp. This review discusses the uses of RNAi in aquaculture, such as immune- and production-related issues and the possible limitations that may hinder the application of RNAi in the aquaculture industry. Our challenge is to develop a highly potent in vivo RNAi delivery platform that could complete the desired action with minimal side effects and which can be applied on a large-scale with relatively little expense in the aquaculture industry.

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Section: ■ Defensive Barriers Affect the Delivery And Uptake Of Rnai ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

RNA Interference in Aquaculture: A Small Tool for Big Potential

Abo‐Al‐Ela

2021

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…The use of dsRNA as a feed additive to protect against shrimp viruses in hatcheries and farms appears to have potential if the production cost can be reduced by economy of scale and if a suitable, oral delivery method can be devised (Itsathitphaisarn, Thitamadee, Weerachatyanukul, & Sritunyalucksana, ). However, it may already be feasible for use in clearing viruses from shrimp breeding stocks that have become contaminated with viruses such as IHHNV (Attasart, Kaewkhaw, Chimwai, Kongphom, & Panyim, ) or that are found to be infected with a newly discovered virus similar to what happened with Laem‐Singh virus (LSNV) (Saksmerprome et al, ). With IHHNV clearance, the process might be improved by simultaneous use of the antibiotic ivermectin (Nguyen, Sakuna, Kinobe, & Owens, ).…”

Section: Promising New and Future Anti‐pathogen Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

A future vision for disease control in shrimp aquaculture

Flegel

2019

J World Aquaculture Soc

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117

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Aquaculture is the fastest‐growing animal production sector, and shrimp production already exceeds that of the capture fishery. Viruses and bacteria account for the majority of disease losses for shrimp farmers. Viral pandemics in the mid 1990s and, more recently, a bacterial pandemic from 2009 to 2015 have led to the conclusion that future, sustainable shrimp aquaculture will depend on the development of more efficient, biosecure production facilities that cultivate specific pathogen‐free (SPF) shrimp, genetically improved for growth and disease tolerance or resistance. Major requirements for development, maintenance, and use of SPF stocks in aquaculture are effective pathogen surveillance and disease prevention methods. When protective measures fail and diseases occur in production ponds, there are currently only a few approved and practical therapeutic methods available for use with bacterial pathogens and none so far for viral pathogens. To improve existing methods of prevention and therapy and to develop new ones, research is being carried out on the nature of shrimp–pathogen interactions. Promising results have been obtained at the laboratory level for possible applications involving the use of immunostimulants for “immune priming” or “trained immunity” of RNA interference and of endogenous viral elements. Some of these promising new directions are discussed.

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