Feasibility of Conducting a Longitudinal, Transnational Study of Filipino Migrants to the United States: A Dual-Cohort Design

Gee, Gilbert C.; Castro, A. B. de; Wang, May D.; Crespi, Catherine M.; Morey, Brittany N; Fujishiro, Kaori

doi:10.1353/hpu.2015.0045

Cited by 13 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…Although our theory suggests that citizenship contributes to positive mental health, it is nonetheless plausible that psychological symptoms make some immigrants less likely to become naturalized. Future research should verify these findings longitudinally, including data before and after an immigrant obtained citizenship (Gee, de Castro, Wang, Crespi, & Morey, 2015). Such a time-series design would allow for a firmer assessment regarding the temporal ordering of our focal variables.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Citizenship as Privilege and Social Identity

Gee

Morey

Walsemann

et al. 2016

American Behavioral Scientist

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Citizenship is both a system of privilege and a source of social identity. This study examines whether there are disparities in psychological distress between citizens and noncitizens, and whether these disparities may be explained by markers of social disadvantage (e.g., poverty, discrimination) or perceptions of success in the United States (i.e., subjective social status). We analyze data from the Asian subsample (n = 2,095) of the National Latino and Asian American Study. The data show that noncitizens report greater psychological distress compared with naturalized citizens and native-born citizens after accounting for sociodemographics (e.g., age, gender, Asian subgroup), socioeconomic characteristics (education, employment, incometo-poverty ratio), immigration (e.g., interview language, years in the United States, acculturative stress), health care visits, and everyday discrimination. Preliminary evidence suggests that subjective social status may explain some of the disparities between naturalized citizen and noncitizen Asian Americans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Citizenship as Privilege and Social Identity

Gee

Morey

Walsemann

et al. 2016

American Behavioral Scientist

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“…In particular, prospective cohort studies are crucial in identifying new-onset substance use and changes in individuals’ patterns of substance use over time. Although there are inherent challenges in conducting cohort studies with migrant populations, such as ongoing insecurity and population mobility which may impede follow-up, strategies which have had some demonstrated success include employing dynamic and adaptive methodological approaches, collaboration with established services, ongoing community engagement and utilising the capacity of information and communication technologies [ 153 – 156 ]. Repeated cross-sectional studies may also be valuable in resource-constrained settings such as refugee camps; although they cannot measure trajectories of substance use within individuals, they may be a meaningful way of monitoring population-level trends in substance use within a specific setting, in the same way they have been used to monitor trends in infectious disease prevalence [ 157 , 158 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Substance Use among Forced Migrants: A Global Systematic Review

et al. 2016

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IntroductionForced migration is occurring at unprecedented levels. Forced migrants may be at risk for substance use for reasons including coping with traumatic experiences, co-morbid mental health disorders, acculturation challenges and social and economic inequality. This paper aimed to systematically review the literature examining substance use among forced migrants, and identify priority areas for intervention and future research.MethodsSeven medical, allied health and social science databases were searched from inception to September 2015 in accordance with PRISMA guidelines to identify original peer-reviewed articles describing any findings relating to alcohol and/or illicit drug use among refugees, internally displaced people (IDPs), asylum seekers, people displaced by disasters and deportees. A descriptive synthesis of evidence from quantitative studies was conducted, focusing primarily on studies which used validated measures of substance use. Synthesis of evidence from qualitative studies focused on identifying prominent themes relating to the contexts and consequences of substance use. Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklists were used to assess methodological quality of included studies.ResultsForty-four quantitative (82% cross-sectional), 16 qualitative and three mixed-methods studies were included. Ten studies were rated as high methodological quality (16%), 39 as moderate quality (62%) and 14 as low quality (22%). The majority of research was conducted among refugees, IDPs and asylum seekers (n = 55, 87%), predominantly in high-income settings. The highest-quality prevalence estimates of hazardous/harmful alcohol use ranged from 17%-36% in camp settings and 4%-7% in community settings. Few studies collected validated measures of illicit drug use. Seven studies compared substance use among forced migrants to other migrant or native-born samples. Among eight studies which conducted multivariable analysis, male sex, trauma exposure and symptoms of mental illness were commonly identified correlates of substance use.ConclusionOur understanding of substance use among forced migrants remains limited, particularly regarding persons displaced due to disasters, development and deportation. Despite a growing body of work among refugee-background populations, few studies include refugees in low and middle-income countries, where over 80% of the global refugee population resides. Findings suggest a need to integrate substance use prevention and treatment into services offered to forced migrants, particularly in camp settings. Efforts to develop and evaluate interventions to reduce substance use and related harms are needed.

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“…Our efforts began with a small pilot project designed to evaluate the feasibility of prospectively examining the health of migrants across two countries. [ 19 ] This pilot recruited 27 U.S.-bound migrants and 26 non-migrants in the Philippines. The pilot administered a 5-h assessment that included a survey, anthropometrics, a food frequency questionnaire, a 24-h food diary, and accelerometer-measured physical activity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although informative, the majority of studies of acculturation are often confounded due to their study designs. [ 17 – 19 ] A key factor is the nutrition transition that is occurring in rapidly developing countries. This refers to the increasing availability and consumption of processed and fatty foods, decline of nutritious foods, and decreased energy expenditures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Health of Philippine Emigrants Study (HoPES): study design and rationale

Gee¹,

Castro

Crespi³

et al. 2018

BMC Public Health

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BackgroundImmigrants to the United States are usually healthier than their U.S.-born counterparts, yet the health of immigrants declines with duration of stay in the U.S. This pattern is often seen for numerous health problems such as obesity, and is usually attributed to acculturation (the adoption of “American” behaviors and norms). However, an alternative explanation is secular trends, given that rates of obesity have been rising globally. Few studies of immigrants are designed to distinguish the effects of acculturation versus secular trends, in part because most studies of immigrants are cross-sectional, lack baseline data prior to migration, and do not have a comparison group of non-migrants in the country of origin. This paper describes the Health of Philippine Emigrants Study (HoPES), a study designed to address many of these limitations.MethodsHoPES is a dual-cohort, longitudinal, transnational study. The first cohort consisted of Filipinos migrating to the United States (n = 832). The second cohort consisted of non-migrant Filipinos who planned to remain in the Philippines (n = 805). Baseline data were collected from both cohorts in 2017 in the Philippines, with follow-up data collection planned over 3 years in either the U.S. for the migrant cohort or the Philippines for the non-migrant cohort. At baseline, interviewers administered semi-structured questionnaires that assessed demographic characteristics, diet, physical activity, stress, and immigration experiences. Interviewers also measured weight, height, waist and hip circumferences, blood pressure, and collected dried blood spot samples.DiscussionMigrants enrolled in the study appear to be representative of recent Filipino migrants to the U.S. Additionally, migrant and non-migrant study participants are comparable on several characteristics that we attempted to balance at baseline, including age, gender, and education. HoPES is a unique study that approximates a natural experiment from which to study the effects of immigration on obesity and other health problems. A number of innovative methodological strategies were pursued to expand the boundaries of current immigrant health research. Key to accomplishing this research was investment in building collaborative relationships with stakeholders across the U.S. and the Philippines with shared interest in the health of migrants.

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Feasibility of Conducting a Longitudinal, Transnational Study of Filipino Migrants to the United States: A Dual-Cohort Design

Cited by 13 publications

References 50 publications

Citizenship as Privilege and Social Identity

Citizenship as Privilege and Social Identity

Epidemiology of Substance Use among Forced Migrants: A Global Systematic Review

Health of Philippine Emigrants Study (HoPES): study design and rationale

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