Feasibility of a Virtual Reality Program in Managing Test Anxiety: A Pilot Study

Kwon, Joon Hee; Hong, Narae; Kim, Kwanguk Kenny; Heo, Jiwoong; Kim, Jae‐Jin; Kim, Eun-Joo

doi:10.1089/cyber.2019.0651

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Contrary to our first hypothesis, none of the interventions significantly reduced HR as compared to the baseline -in fact, colouring had an opposite effect -which is inconsistent with previous research (Kwon et al, 2020;Rockstroh et al, 2019;Weibel et al, 2023) though consistent with studies where colouring failed to significantly reduce HR (Piri, 2018;Schrade et al, 2011). The increase in HR in the colouring condition in our study can be explained by the higher level of physical activity as compared to the mindfulness conditions; this is consistent with Loudon and Deininger's (2017) finding that 2 min of colouring were associated to higher mean heart rate than 2 min of a relaxation activity.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Brief Virtual Reality Mindfulness is More Effective than Audio Mindfulness and Colouring in Reducing Stress in University Students

Cawley,

Tejeiro

2024

Mindfulness

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Objectives Although various multi-week mindfulness programs have been introduced for stress reduction over the past decades, there is still little evidence on the effectiveness of short, self-applied interventions. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of virtual reality mindfulness and audio mindfulness, as well as a simple colouring session. Method Sixty-seven participants were initially enrolled, with 64 remaining after exclusions. They were randomly allocated to one of three face-to-face stress management interventions: virtual reality (VR) mindfulness, audio mindfulness or colouring. Before and after the 10-min intervention, questionnaires were administered to assess differences in perceived stress, psychological well-being, and engagement. Heart rate was also measured to indicate physiological stress. Results VR mindfulness was the only intervention to significantly increase wellbeing. Both VR and colouring significantly reduced stress, with VR producing the largest reduction in heart rate, though this was not statistically significant when compared to baseline. The three conditions were perceived as highly engaging, with the highest scores corresponding to VR mindfulness and the lowest to audio mindfulness. Conclusions This study shows that a single brief session of VR mindfulness can produce short-term beneficial effects in people at high risk of stress, greater than those achieved through colouring and audio mindfulness. This suggests promising direct implications for university mental health services, although future research is needed to explore long-term benefits as well as the relative efficacy of longer interventions. Preregistration This study is not preregistered.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Brief Virtual Reality Mindfulness is More Effective than Audio Mindfulness and Colouring in Reducing Stress in University Students

Cawley,

Tejeiro

2024

Mindfulness

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“…school-aged children in an environment where there was high pressure for academic achievement, an immersive VR program was able to significantly reduce test anxiety and improve biomarkers of stress including heart rate and R-R interval on electrocardiogram. 25 Maciolek et al evaluated the impact of VR-enhanced relaxation in patients undergoing cardiac rehabilitation using a mobile smartphone equipped with VR goggles to display virtual landscapes accompanied by relaxing music. 26 Based on the validated StateTrait Anxiety Inventory, VR relaxation therapy significantly decreased anxiety scores.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporating Virtual Reality to Improve Otolaryngology Resident Wellness: One Institution's Experience

et al. 2021

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Objective Burnout is defined as work‐related emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and decreased sense of accomplishment. Virtual reality (VR) has emerged as an effective treatment modality for various conditions related to anxiety, however, few studies have assessed its role for stress management in residents. We hypothesize that VR‐based mindfulness meditation can reduce resident burnout in real‐world settings. Study Design Prospective randomized crossover trial. Methods Resident participants completed the validated Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). One group used a VR‐based meditation app; the second group received no intervention. After a 2‐month rotation, all subjects completed an MBI and crossed over to the other arm. Wilcoxon rank‐sum tests were used to compare MBI scores before and after intervention, and to compare results by gender and postgraduate year. Mann‐Whitney U tests were used to assess qualitative differences between participants. Results Eighteen residents completed the study. Five participants were female and 13 were male. Weekly use of VR‐guided meditation and paced breathing was associated with a significant decrease in emotional exhaustion (P = .009), and on subgroup analysis, male gender specifically was associated with a decrease in emotional exhaustion (P = .027). In the post‐intervention survey, 42.9% subjects reported that VR encouraged them to employ paced breathing techniques, 71.4% reported that they would use the technology if regularly available, and 21.4% reported they would use paced breathing in the future. Conclusion VR‐based therapy may serve as a successful tool in stress management and reduce the rate of burnout among otolaryngology residents. Level of Evidence NA Laryngoscope, 131:1972–1976, 2021

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“…VR technology may facilitate meditation practice by immersing users in a distraction-free and calming virtual environment [60]. Today, VR and meditation therapy have been applied to a range of disorders and conditions, including pain [60][61][62], depression [63], anxiety disorders [3,63,64], sleep disorders [65], posttraumatic stress disorder [66], and pressure [60].…”

Section: Clinical Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…e prolonged illness and recovery time of COVID-19, coupled with infection prevention measures that make onsite family visits or movement between hospital units difficult or contraindicated, present a range of challenges for patients hospitalized with COVID-19, such as social isolation, disability, neurologic sequelae, adjustment-related anxiety, depression, stress, sleep disorders, and posttraumatic stress disorder [67]. It has been suggested that novel VR-based meditation interventions could be used as a comprehensive recovery program for COVID-19 [3,[63][64][65][66][67] and as successful stress management tools to reduce burnout rates among residents [30].…”

Section: Clinical Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Virtual Reality Technology in Clinical Practice, Teaching, and Research in Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Guan

Zhao

2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Background. The application of virtual reality (VR) in clinical settings is growing rapidly, with encouraging results. As VR has been introduced into complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), a systematic review must be undertaken to understand its current status. Aim. This review aims to evaluate and summarize the current applications of VR in CAM, as well as to explore potential directions for future research and development. Methods. After a brief description of VR technology, we discuss the past 20 years of clinical VR applications in the medical field. Then, we discuss the theoretical basis of the combination of VR technology and CAM, the research thus far, and practical factors regarding usability, etc., from the following three main aspects: clinical application, teaching, and scientific research. Finally, we summarize and propose hypotheses on the application of VR in CAM and its limitations. Results. Our review of the theoretical underpinnings and research findings to date leads to the prediction that VR and CAM will have a significant impact on future research and practice. Conclusion. Although there is still much research needed to advance the science in this area, we strongly believe that VR applications will become indispensable tools in the toolbox of CAM researchers and practitioners and will only grow in relevance and popularity in the era of digital health.

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Feasibility of a Virtual Reality Program in Managing Test Anxiety: A Pilot Study

Cited by 9 publications

References 35 publications

Brief Virtual Reality Mindfulness is More Effective than Audio Mindfulness and Colouring in Reducing Stress in University Students

Brief Virtual Reality Mindfulness is More Effective than Audio Mindfulness and Colouring in Reducing Stress in University Students

Incorporating Virtual Reality to Improve Otolaryngology Resident Wellness: One Institution's Experience

Application of Virtual Reality Technology in Clinical Practice, Teaching, and Research in Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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