Feasibility and reproducibility of free fatty acid profiling in abdominal adipose tissue with ¹H‐magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 3 T: Differences between lean and obese individuals

Abstract

(1)H-MRS is a feasible and reproducible method for FFA profiling in abdominal adipose tissue in abdominally obese individuals. (1)H-MRS has potential as diagnostic tool for noninvasive identification of adipose tissue dysfunction.

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“…The amount of unsaturated fatty acids in abdominal adipose tissue correlated negatively with the amount of SAT and positively with the amount of VAT [90]. PUFA/TUFA and PUFA/TG ratios, as measured with MR spectroscopy, are higher in persons with the metabolic syndrome, especially in the omental adipose tissue depot, compared to subjects without the metabolic syndrome [60]. MR-spectroscopy is a noninvasive technique and a direct way of measuring metabolic characteristics of abdominal adipose tissue, which makes this technique a promising diagnostic tool for the identification of ATD.…”

“…Ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT) as well magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have all been used for this purpose [57][58][59]. In addition, MRI is well-suited to probe adipose tissue (dys)function using MR spectroscopy [60].…”

A fully automatic reference deconvolution strategy to increase the accuracy of in vivo lipid signal quantification

“…Eddy currents are in general assumed to be exponentially dampened with the relaxation time T e . In this case, the distorted signal can be written as sðnÞ ¼ hðnÞsðnÞ [3] hðnÞ ¼ 2p exp fjF e ðnÞgmðnÞ [4] F e ðnÞ ¼ a e 1 À exp nT s T e ; [5] where a e is an arbitrary factor depending on the strength of the eddy currents and F e ðnÞ is the time dependent phase shift caused by the eddy currents. In the frequency domain, the distorted signal can be written as the convolution HðvÞ Ã SðvÞ.…”

“…In many clinical studies, the distribution of triglycerides, which are present in different regions of adipose tissue (e.g., layers of subcutaneous fat or visceral fat), is per-formed to get insight into the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes (1)(2)(3)(4). Using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) for this analysis, highly accurate quantification of the occurring signal parts is of great importance to get reliable information about the composition of body fat.…”

“…Using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) for this analysis, highly accurate quantification of the occurring signal parts is of great importance to get reliable information about the composition of body fat. Especially, precise assessment of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids has become an important task for metabolic studies on obesity and type 2 diabetes (3)(4)(5)(6).…”