Feasibility and Error Analysis of Using Fiber Optic Temperature Measurement Device to Evaluate the Electromagnetic Safety of Hot Bridge Wire EEDs

Abstract

Most studies assessing the safety of hot bridge wire EEDs employ temperature sensors that directly use the measurements of the temperature measurement device without analyzing the accuracy of the temperature measurement. This study establishes the response function of the exposed bridge and exposed bridge temperature rise system of hot bridge wire EEDs through the Rosenthal’s temperature rise equation and Laplace transformation as well as experimental tests, and through the response function, the response law and numerical characteristics of the two are compared and analyzed under four typical excitations. Under steady current injection and continuous-wave radiation, both exposed bridge and exposed bridge temperature measurement systems can reach thermal equilibrium, and the equilibrium temperature of both are the same. However, under pulse excitation, the temperature rise measurement value is significantly different from the actual value due to the large difference in response time of the exposed bridge (1 ms) and the exposed bridge temperature measurement device (0.82 s). Studies have shown that under steady current injection and continuous-wave radiation, temperature rise measurements can be directly applied to the safety assessment of hot bridge wire EEDs, while under pulsed conditions, temperature rise measurements cannot be directly applied.

Generation Mechanism and Characteristic Analysis of Dual-Frequency Pseudo-Signal Interference of the Swept-Frequency Radar

“…In formula (5), c is the speed of light, and A ci is the equivalent transfer function before the ith swept-frequency ladder signal field path is coupled to the nonlinear device of the radar receiver. E ci is the field strength amplitude of the true target echo signal at the radar receiving antenna.…”

“…In the future, integrated joint operations under the conditions of information technology will be widely used, and the electromagnetic space will be increasingly crowded. Intentional electromagnetic interference makes the battle eld electromagnetic environment worse, and the electromagnetic environment e ect of radar equipment in the complex electromagnetic environment has become a widely studied problem [4][5][6]. In recent years, many scholars have carried out research on the blocking e ect laws and modeling evaluation methods of typical frequency equipment (such as UAV data links, communication radios, navigation receivers, and so on) in single-frequency and multifrequency continuous wave electromagnetic radiation [7][8][9], revealed the damage law and blocking e ect mechanism of continuous wave electromagnetic radiation, established a blocking e ect assessment model for multifrequency nonintermodulation interference and multifrequency intermodulation interference of frequency-using equipment [10,11].…”

Coupling effect of high‐altitude electromagnetic pulse of two‐pin electric explosive device based on a V‐type antenna model

“…According to reference 8, the equivalent impedance of the antenna will affect the induced current, and the coupling energy W on the bridge wire is mainly determined by the impedance of the bridge wire .…”

“…Besides, the coupling effects of different field intensities and waveforms of the HEMP field are also studied. 8 Shows that under steady current injection and continuous-wave radiation, temperature rise measurements can be directly applied to the safety assessment of EEDs, while under pulsed conditions, temperature rise measurements cannot be directly applied. So, this paper examines the electromagnetic sensitivity of EEDs from a couple energy.…”

“…The EEDs are relatively sensitive to radio frequency interference (RFI) and electromagnetic pulses (EMP), 5,6 and the coupling effect of the EEDs shell in the HEMP field environment is considered, 7 and the simulation together with experimental data are obtained. Besides, the coupling effects of different field intensities and waveforms of the HEMP field are also studied 8 . Shows that under steady current injection and continuous‐wave radiation, temperature rise measurements can be directly applied to the safety assessment of EEDs, while under pulsed conditions, temperature rise measurements cannot be directly applied.…”