Feasibility and Effectiveness of Recruiting Latinos in Decídetexto—A Smoking Cessation Clinical Trial from an Emergency Department Patient Registry

Arana-Chicas, Evelyn; Cartujano-Barrera, Francisco; Ogedegbe, Chinwe; Ellerbeck, Edward F.; Cox, Lisa Sanderson; Graves, Kristi D.; Díaz, Francisco Javier Rodríguez; Catley, Delwyn; Cupertino, Ana Paula

doi:10.3390/ijerph182010859

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Although patient registry calls yielded the highest number of participants, it was among the lowest efficiency ratio for eligibility and enrollment. This is in contrast to previous research that has reported the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of recruiting participants via calls from patient registries via a research associate program [ 20 , 33 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

“…Literature on the recruitment of Latinos into clinical trials has described the use of different recruitment strategies [ 19 - 23 ]. Some studies have recruited Latinos through proactive recruitment in which study staff directly contact individual potential participants [ 20 , 24 ] and reactive recruitment in which studies disseminate information via mass media and potential participants must contact the study themselves [ 19 , 21 , 25 ]. Often, recruitment studies emphasize including Latino researchers, fostering community connections to build trust, and using culturally and linguistically tailored recruitment materials delivered through culturally appropriate outlets such as Latino newspapers [ 19 , 22 , 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effectiveness of Recruitment Strategies of Latino Smokers: Secondary Analysis of a Mobile Health Smoking Cessation Randomized Clinical Trial

Arana-Chicas¹,

Cartujano-Barrera²,

Rieth³

et al. 2022

J Med Internet Res

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Background Latinos remain disproportionately underrepresented in clinical trials, comprising only 2%-3% of research participants. In order to address health disparities, it is critically important to increase enrollment of Latino smokers in smoking cessation trials. There is limited research examining effective recruitment strategies for this population. Objective The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of direct versus mass and high- versus low-effort recruitment strategies on recruitment and retention of Latino smokers to a randomized smoking cessation trial. We also examine how the type of recruitment might have influenced the characteristics of enrolled participants. Methods Latino smokers were enrolled into Decídetexto from 4 states—New Jersey, Kansas, Missouri, and New York. Participants were recruited from August 2018 until March 2021. Mass recruitment strategies included English and Spanish advertisements to the Latino community via flyers, Facebook ads, newspapers, television, radio, church bulletins, and our Decídetexto website. Direct, high-effort strategies included referrals from clinics or community-based organizations with whom we partnered, in-person community outreach, and patient registry calls. Direct, low-effort strategies included texting or emailing pre-existing lists of patients who smoked. A team of trained bilingual (English and Spanish) recruiters from 9 different Spanish-speaking countries of origin conducted recruitment, assessed eligibility, and enrolled participants into the trial. Results Of 1112 individuals who were screened, 895 (80.5%) met eligibility criteria, and 457 (457/895, 51.1%) enrolled in the trial. Within the pool of screened individuals, those recruited by low-effort recruitment strategies (both mass and direct) were significantly more likely to be eligible (odds ratio [OR] 1.67, 95% CI 1.01-2.76 and OR 1.70, 95% CI 0.98-2.96, respectively) and enrolled in the trial (OR 2.60, 95% CI 1.81-3.73 and OR 3.02, 95% CI 2.03-4.51, respectively) compared with those enrolled by direct, high-effort strategies. Among participants enrolled, the retention rates at 3 months and 6 months among participants recruited via low-effort strategies (both mass and direct) were similar to participants recruited via direct, high-effort methods. Compared with enrolled participants recruited via direct (high- and low-effort) strategies, participants recruited via mass strategies were less likely to have health insurance (44.0% vs 71.2% and 71.7%, respectively; P<.001), lived fewer years in the United States (22.4 years vs 32.4 years and 30.3 years, respectively; P<.001), more likely to be 1st generation (92.7% vs 76.5% and 77.5%, respectively; P=.007), more likely to primarily speak Spanish (89.3% vs 65.8% and 66.3%, respectively), and more likely to be at high risk for alcohol abuse (5.8 mean score vs 3.8 mean score and 3.9 mean score, respectively; P<.001). Conclusions Although most participants were recruited via direct, high-effort strategies, direct low-effort recruitment strategies yielded a screening pool more likely to be eligible for the trial. Mass recruitment strategies were associated with fewer acculturated enrollees with lower access to health services—groups who might benefit a great deal from the intervention. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03586596; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03586596 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2020.106188

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Recruitment Strategies of Latino Smokers: Secondary Analysis of a Mobile Health Smoking Cessation Randomized Clinical Trial

Arana-Chicas¹,

Cartujano-Barrera²,

Rieth³

et al. 2022

J Med Internet Res

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“…One of the strengths of this study and a possible facilitator of recruitment is that this research builds upon our established history of smoking-cessation treatment and research within the community [ 20 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 ]. Moreover, this work is grounded in principles of community-based participatory research (CPBR).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Literature on the recruitment of Black and Latino individuals into tobacco-control (e.g., smoking cessation) studies have described the use of different recruitment methods [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. These studies have recruited Black and Latino participants through proactive (also known as active or direct) recruitment, which includes direct interaction with potential participants [ 27 ], and reactive (also known as passive or indirect) recruitment, where individuals contact the study themselves [ 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proactive and Reactive Recruitment of Black and Latino Adolescents in a Vaping Prevention Randomized Controlled Trial

Cartujano-Barrera

Hernández-Torres²,

Orfin³

et al. 2022

Children

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The purpose of this study was to assesses the effectiveness of proactive and reactive methods in the recruitment of Black and Latino adolescents into a vaping-prevention randomized controlled trial (RCT). This study also assessed the characteristics of study participants by recruitment method. Proactive recruitment strategies included study presentations at community-based events (e.g., festivals, health fairs), school-based events (e.g., back-to-school events, after-school programs), and recreational centers (e.g., fitness centers, malls). Reactive recruitment strategies included study advertisements via social media (e.g., Facebook posts shared by local community-based organizations), word of mouth, and an academic-based research hub. Using proactive and reactive methods, in a 4-month period, 362 Black and Latino adolescents were successfully enrolled into the RCT. Compared to the proactive method, adolescents screened reactively were equally likely to be eligible but significantly more likely to enroll in the study. However, both proactive and reactive strategies made notable contributions to the overall recruitment effort. Moreover, proactive and reactive methods attracted adolescents with different characteristics (e.g., age, gender, sexual orientation, etc.). These findings suggest that both proactive and reactive recruitment strategies should be implemented for studies interested in recruiting a diverse sample of Black and Latino adolescents.

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“…Latinos also report a general lack of cultural sensitivity within existing Spanish language resources for smoking cessation [ 11 ]. Although barriers to accessing smoking cessation resources exist, when provided with access, Latinos are interested in participating in smoking cessation programs and in using smoking cessation treatments to support quit attempts [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Perspectives of Latino Adults Who Smoke on Physical Activity: A Qualitative Study

Hernández-Torres

Alaniz-Cantu

Rojas

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Smoking and sedentary lifestyle frequently co-occur among Latinos. Evidence suggests that moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) may enhance smoking cessation rates. However, this synergistic phenomenon has not been studied among Latinos, the largest minority group in the United States. This qualitative study consisted of semi-structured interviews in English or Spanish with Latino adults who smoke (n = 20) to understand their perspectives on physical activity. Participants were recruited using community-based recruitment strategies. The Health Belief Model was used as a framework for qualitative theoretical analysis. Multiple perceived benefits (e.g., mood management, strategy to quit smoking), susceptibility (e.g., risk of cardiovascular diseases, physical impairment), and barriers (e.g., lack of social support, low financial resources) of being physically active were identified. Moreover, multiple cues to action to do physical activity (e.g., being a role model, spending time with family and friends) were identified. These factors provide concrete operational strategies to address smoking cessation and physical activity among Latinos. Further research is needed on how best to integrate these perspectives into smoking cessation interventions.

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Feasibility and Effectiveness of Recruiting Latinos in Decídetexto—A Smoking Cessation Clinical Trial from an Emergency Department Patient Registry

Cited by 7 publications

References 33 publications

Effectiveness of Recruitment Strategies of Latino Smokers: Secondary Analysis of a Mobile Health Smoking Cessation Randomized Clinical Trial

Effectiveness of Recruitment Strategies of Latino Smokers: Secondary Analysis of a Mobile Health Smoking Cessation Randomized Clinical Trial

Proactive and Reactive Recruitment of Black and Latino Adolescents in a Vaping Prevention Randomized Controlled Trial

Understanding the Perspectives of Latino Adults Who Smoke on Physical Activity: A Qualitative Study

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