Fear of Severe Pain Mediates Sex Differences in Pain Sensitivity Responses to Thermal Stimuli

Horn, Maggie E.; Alappattu, Meryl; Bishop, Mark D.

doi:10.1155/2014/897953

Cited by 24 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…Osman et al reported sex differences on the Severe and Medical Pain subscales 11. Others have reported sex differences on the Severe Pain subscale only 8. These studies clearly agree that sex differences in FOP as measured by the FPQ-III exist, and that FOP is higher in females than males.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…However, others have concluded that the model has a poor fit 14,16. As previously mentioned, sex differences in FOP measured by the FPQ-III have been reported repeatedly 8,11,12. Yet it should be noted that inconsistencies remain in the extant literature in this area, with some studies reporting sex differences in overall FOP, while differences are limited to the subscales in other studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Sex differences in fear of pain: item-level analysis of the Fear of Pain Questionnaire III

Vambheim¹,

Øien²

2017

JPR

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ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate sex differences in fear of pain (FOP) measured by the Fear of Pain Questionnaire III (FPQ-III) in a nonclinical sample. The FPQ-III is a self-report inventory measuring FOP, with 30 items, divided into three subscales: Severe, Minor and Medical Pain.MethodsA total of 185 subjects participated (49.7% females) in this study. Sex differences on overall FOP, the subscales, and at item level were examined. One-way analysis of variance tested the association between sex and FOP, measured by overall FOP and the subscales. Ordinal regression analysis enabled item-level analysis of the FPQ-III and was conducted to explore further specificity of FOP in males compared to females.ResultsOverall FOP and fear of Severe Pain was significantly higher in females than in males, as measured by the FPQ-Total and the FPQ-Severe. Moreover, females were more likely to report higher FOP than males on 16 items (p<0.05). Further inspection revealed that females scored significantly higher than males on all items on the Severe Pain subscale. When controlling for multiple comparisons six items reached significance (p<0.001). Five of these items belonged to the subscale Severe Pain. When controlling for overall FOP one item, also from the Severe Pain subscale, reached significance (p<0.001).ConclusionThere are sex differences in severe FOP, with higher FOP in females compared to males. Potential explanations are sex differences in the 1) psychosocial mechanisms of fear and anxiety, and 2) emotional reactions to and interpretation of FPQ-III Severe Pain items.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Sex differences in fear of pain: item-level analysis of the Fear of Pain Questionnaire III

Vambheim¹,

Øien²

2017

JPR

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“…A major finding of the study was that significant differences with respect to gender, geographic distribution, and age (tables 1, 4) were similar to those reported by Marcus et al [20], who found that pain, fatigue, and psychiatric complaints were more commonly reported in women. Reduced pain thresholds and tolerance [5,19,21] and/or increased responses to pain stimuli were observed in females [22]. Schestatsky et al [19] and Brefel-Courbon et al [11] discovered that during off-periods, patients with PD and central pain had a lower threshold for pain caused by thermal stimuli.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Study on Chronic Pain in Parkinson's Disease Patients in Shanghai, China

Pan

Wang

et al. 2014

Integr Med Int

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Background/Aims: Pain in Parkinson's disease (PD) may be more distressing than that in other nonmotor disabilities. The aims of the present study were to assess the prevalence and identify the epidemiological characteristics of PD-related pain among patients with idiopathic PD in Shanghai, China. Methods: A total of 1,058 patients with definite idiopathic PD were investigated using a structure questionnaire in 12 hospitals in Shanghai. The severity of their motor disorders, antiparkinson treatments, and pain-related observations, such as time points for the onset of pain, duration and degree, body localization, external influences, and treatments for pain, were collected for analysis. Results: Approximately 28% (296 subjects) of all PD patients suffered from PD-related pain. Female patients with pain had a higher age level, were older at PD onset, had a higher frequency of pain, a higher frequency of pain before the onset of PD symptoms, a longer duration of pain, and a higher incidence of pain in the early stage compared to male patients. Larger levodopa-equivalent doses, higher frequencies of sleep disorders and/or motor fluctuation, and/or dyskinesia were found in patients with pain compared to patients without pain. The most frequent pain type was musculoskeletal pain followed by dystonia. The male group had a much shorter pain duration than the female group. The patients experienced more pain before taking antiparkinson drugs compared to after treatment. Conclusion: Chronic PD-related pain is a frequent complaint and complex in PD. The challenge of managing pain in PD patients will hopefully someday result in specific and effective treatment strategies. i 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel

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“…[1]. Evidences of gender-specific differences exist in the receiving pain [2], [3], indicating that sex steroid hormones play significant role in pain perception. Pain threshold is the threshold at which a system can detect a painful stimulus [4], followed by signaling the pathways resulting in pain perception.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Estradiol on Pain Threshold in Female Mice

2014

International Conference on Chemical, Agricultural and Medical Sciences (CAMS-2014) May 2-3, 2014 Antalya (Turkey)

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Steroid hormones have role in modulating of pain threshold. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of estradiol on pain threshold induced by tail flick test in female mice. In this laboratory experimental study, female mice were randomly divided to control and groups receiving low, moderate and high doses of estradiol Following intraperitoneally administration of hormone, pain threshold was measured using tail flick test and data were analyzed using ANOVA. Moderate and high dose of estradiol resulted in increased pain threshold 1hour after administration (P<0.01 and P<0.001, respectively). Our findings indicate that appropriate doses of estradiol have pain reducing effects.

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Fear of Severe Pain Mediates Sex Differences in Pain Sensitivity Responses to Thermal Stimuli

Cited by 24 publications

References 46 publications

Sex differences in fear of pain: item-level analysis of the Fear of Pain Questionnaire III

Sex differences in fear of pain: item-level analysis of the Fear of Pain Questionnaire III

Clinical Study on Chronic Pain in Parkinson's Disease Patients in Shanghai, China

Effects of Estradiol on Pain Threshold in Female Mice

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