“…Particular attention is paid to the significance of women's age for the size of the effect of fear of sexual assault on fear of other crimes, which represents another novel contribution to the literature. Although the shadow hypothesis has received empirical support (Bailey, 2021; Choi et al, 2020; Cook and Fox, 2012; Dobbs et al, 2009; Doude and Cook, 2021; Ferraro, 1996; Fisher and Sloan, 2003; Hilinski, 2009; Hilinski et al, 2011; Hirtenlehner and Farrall, 2014; Jacobsen, 2021; Lane et al, 2009; Lane and Fox, 2013; Lane and Meeker, 2003; May, 2001; Mellgren and Ivert, 2019; Özascilar, 2013; Pettit et al, 2017; Riggs and Cook, 2015; Wilcox et al, 2006), with most of the relevant studies based on North American convenience samples of college or university students, little is known about the role of age in this context. 2 This shortcoming may arise from the fact that age is largely invariant in samples of undergraduates with a limited age range.…”