Fear of birth: Prevalence, counselling and method of birth at five obstetrical units in Norway

Henriksen, Lena; Borgen, Anette; Risløkken, Jeanette; Lukasse, Mirjam

doi:10.1016/j.wombi.2018.11.008

Cited by 24 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The overall incidence of fear of childbirth in this cohort was 5.6%. This is somewhat higher than that seen in a previous register‐based study from Finland (2.5%), 1 but lower than those reported in questionnaire‐based studies (8%‐24%, depending on the screening method and severity of fear of childbirth) 3,4,8,9,25‐27 . Other factors associated with both fear of childbirth and elective cesarean delivery related to fear of childbirth were longer interpregnancy interval between the induced abortion and subsequent delivery, and higher maternal age at the time of delivery.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

“…This is somewhat higher than that seen in a previous register-based study from Finland (2.5%), 1 but lower than those reported in questionnaire-based studies (8%-24%, depending on the screening method and severity of fear of childbirth). 3,4,8,9,[25][26][27] Other factors associated with both fear of childbirth and elective cesarean delivery related to fear of childbirth were longer interpregnancy interval between the induced abortion and subsequent delivery, and higher maternal age at the time of delivery. On the other hand, history of second-trimester abortion, indication for abortion (social vs medical), or need of uterine evacuation at the time of abortion were not associated with either of the two.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fear of childbirth after medical vs surgical abortion. Population‐based register study from Finland

Kemppainen

Niinimäki

Bloigu

et al. 2021

Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand

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Introduction To evaluate the effect of method of induced abortion and other abortion‐associated variables on the incidence of fear of childbirth in subsequent pregnancy. Material and methods This population‐based register study cohort includes all nulliparous women with their first pregnancy ending in an induced abortion in 2000‐2015 and subsequent pregnancy with live singleton delivery between 2000 and 2017 (n = 21 479). Data were derived from three national registers maintained by the Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare. We divided the study population in three cohorts: (a) medical and (b) surgical abortion during first trimester (≤84 days of gestation), and (c) medical abortion during second trimester (85‐168 days of gestation). Primary outcome measures were the incidence of registry‐identified fear of childbirth and cesarean delivery related to it. Results The overall incidence of fear of childbirth was 5.6% (n = 1209). Altogether, 19.2% (n = 4121) of women underwent cesarean delivery. The odds were elevated especially for elective cesarean delivery (odds ratio [OR] 9.30, 95% CI 7.95‐10.88, P < .001) in women with fear of childbirth. In multivariable analysis, the odds for fear of childbirth (adjusted OR [aOR] 0.80, 95% CI 0.68‐0.94) and cesarean delivery (aOR 0.66, 95% CI 0.84‐0.90) were decreased in women with a history of first‐trimester medical abortion compared with those with first‐trimester surgical abortion. Second‐trimester medical abortion had no effect on the odds for fear of childbirth (aOR 1.04, 95% CI 0.71‐1.50). Maternal age of 30‐39 years and interpregnancy interval over 2 years were additional risk factors for both fear of childbirth and cesarean delivery, but surgical evacuation of uterus after the abortion was not. Conclusions One first‐ or second‐trimester medical abortion does not increase the odds for fear of childbirth, and cesarean delivery related to it in subsequent pregnancy when compared with first‐trimester surgical abortion. Older maternal age and longer interpregnancy interval emerged as risk factors for fear of childbirth.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fear of childbirth after medical vs surgical abortion. Population‐based register study from Finland

Kemppainen

Niinimäki

Bloigu

et al. 2021

Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand

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show abstract

“…When the variables that affect fear of childbirth were examined, a significant difference was observed between pregnant women under and over 30 years of age. A study conducted in Norway supports our study, stating that the age factor had an impact on fear of childbirth 21 . However, it has been shown in the literature that age is mostly ineffective on fear of childbirth 1,22 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Determination of risk factors affecting fear of childbirth during pregnancy

Soysal

Işıkalan

2020

Cukurova Medical Journal

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We aimed to investigate the level of fear of childbirth in pregnant women in terms of factors such as age, number of births, education level, and immigration status. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out by including 444 pregnant women who have 32-36 weeks of pregnancy and voluntarily agree to participate in the research, all of them are literate and applied to Kütahya Health Sciences University Evliya Çelebi Training and Research Hospital between 25.07.2019 -01.11.2019. The data were collected using the Wijma Birth Expectation / Experience Scale (W-DEQ), and the questionnaire was administered to the immigrant patients by an outpatient doctor via an interpreter. Results: The average age of the pregnant women was 31.65 ±6.83 years. 24.8% (n = 110) of all the participants had low levels of fear of childbirth, 21.8% (n = 97) had moderate fear, 27.9% (n = 124) had severe fear, and 25% (n = 113) were identified as having very severe fear of childbirth. The W-DEQ score increased as the education level increased, but there was no difference between university graduates and postgraduate pregnant women. Fear of childbirth in migrant women was found to be significantly lower compared to Turkish women. Conclusion: Fear of childbirth is affected by age, education, immigration, and these conditions vary among societies. Pre-determining conditions that can increase fear of childbirth and implementing social support programs in selected patient groups may decrease the fear of childbirth and lower the number of cesarean sections in Turkey.

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“…This suggests talking therapies may be potentially effective for reducing CS rates in women with FOC. However, the majority of these studies had a medium risk of bias and the results were not completely consistent with two studies finding that other talking therapies were associated with an increased risk of CS (Henriksen et al, 2018;Sydsjö et al, 2012). More research is therefore needed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 79%

Interventions to treat fear of childbirth in pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2021

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Background Between 5% and 14% of women suffer from fear of childbirth (FOC) which is associated with difficulties during birth and in postnatal psychological adjustment. Therefore, effective interventions are needed to improve outcomes for women. A systematic review and meta-analysis was used to identify effective interventions for treating women with FOC. Methods Literature searches were undertaken on online databases. Hand searches of reference lists were also carried out. Studies were included in the review if they recruited women with FOC and aimed to reduce FOC and/or improve birth outcomes. Data were synthesised qualitatively and quantitatively using meta-analysis. The literature searches provided a total of 4474 citations. Results After removing duplicates and screening through abstracts, titles and full texts, 66 papers from 48 studies were identified for inclusion in the review. Methodological quality was mixed with 30 out of 48 studies having a medium risk of bias. Interventions were categorised into six broad groups: cognitive behavioural therapy, other talking therapies, antenatal education, enhanced midwifery care, alternative interventions and interventions during labour. Results from the meta-analysis showed that most interventions reduced FOC, regardless of the approach (mean effect size = −1.27; z = −4.53, p < 0.0001) and that other talking therapies may reduce caesarean section rates (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.48–0.90). Conclusions Poor methodological quality of studies limits conclusions that can be drawn; however, evidence suggests that most interventions investigated reduce FOC. Future high-quality randomised controlled trials are needed so that clear conclusions can be made.

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Fear of birth: Prevalence, counselling and method of birth at five obstetrical units in Norway

Cited by 24 publications

References 40 publications

Fear of childbirth after medical vs surgical abortion. Population‐based register study from Finland

Fear of childbirth after medical vs surgical abortion. Population‐based register study from Finland

Determination of risk factors affecting fear of childbirth during pregnancy

Interventions to treat fear of childbirth in pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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