Fear of Aids and Gonorrhoea Rates in Homosexual Men

Judson, F N

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(83)90138-1

Cited by 100 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…reported in the early 1980s. 123,376,377 Campaigns that arose in the gay community advised terminology of 'safer sex' within the context of harm reduction. Government-sponsored public health campaigns for the general population followed.…”

Section: Poc Tests For Syphilis and Hivmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, chlamydia test uptake might not have been 373 sufficiently high for long enough; mathematical modelling studies show that any level of a 374 hypothetical chlamydia screening intervention will reduce prevalence over time, but that 375 coverage of around 35% per year or more would be needed to achieve substantial reductions 376 within a ten-year period. 105,106 Third, suboptimal case management with low levels of partner 377 notification, antimicrobial treatment failure and an increasing incidence of repeated infection 378 following antimicrobial treatment for chlamydia might sustain levels of prevalent infections.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sexually transmitted infections: challenges ahead

Unemo

Bradshaw

Hocking

et al. 2017

The Lancet Infectious Diseases

538

469

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Section: Poc Tests For Syphilis and Hivmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexually transmitted infections: challenges ahead

Unemo

Bradshaw

Hocking

et al. 2017

The Lancet Infectious Diseases

538

469

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“…Campylobacter jejuni is one of the most commonly isolated bacterial agents from patients with acute diarrhea in the United In a prospective, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial of therapy for primary HSV proctitis, acyclovir (400 mg po, 5 States, and its annual incidence is reported to be 39-fold higher among patients with AIDS [74]. times daily for 10 days) was clinically efficacious in comparison with placebo [64].…”

Section: Enteric Pathogens Causing Proctocolitis and Enteritismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This review describes the epidemiology, ported among homosexual men during this time period probaetiology, and clinical presentation of the acute proctitis/proctobly occurred in a sexually active subpopulation. Since the adcolitis syndrome and discusses current diagnostic, therapeutic, vent of AIDS, this subpopulation has dramatically decreased and counseling options.in size, as reflected in diminishing rates of anorectal gonorrhea among homosexually active men [5]. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and Treatment of Sexually Acquired Proctitis and Proctocolitis: An Update

Rompalo

1999

CLIN INFECT DIS

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Sexually transmitted gastrointestinal syndromes include proctitis, proctocolitis, and enteritis. These syndromes can be caused by one or multiple pathogens. Routes of sexual transmission and acquisition include unprotected anal intercourse and oral-fecal contact. Evaluation should include appropriate diagnostic procedures such as anoscopy or sigmoidoscopy, stool examination, and culture. When laboratory diagnostic capabilities are suff cient, treatment should be based on specif c diagnosis. Empirical therapy for acute proctitis in persons who have recently practiced receptive anal intercourse should be chosen to treat Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis infections. In individuals infected with human immunodef ciency virus (HIV), other infections that are not usually sexually acquired may occur, and recurrent herpes simplex virus infections are common. The approach to gastrointestinal syndromes among HIV-infected patients, therefore, can be more comprehensive and will not be discussed in this article.Brief Review: Acute Proctitis/Proctocolitis frequently involve direct or indirect contact of the rectal mucosal membranes [11 -13]. Specific pathogens most commonly The incidence of acute, sexually transmitted proctitis and infect specific sites and have different modes of transmission. proctocolitis has appeared to decrease over the past decade.Fecal-oral passage of enteric pathogens, parasites, and hepatitis With the emergence of AIDS and identification of HIV, unpro-A and B viruses occurs predominantly during direct oral-anal tected anal intercourse was reported to be the most efficient contact, or analingus, or during oral-genital contact after rectal mode of sexual transmission of HIV infection [1,2]. Advocates intercourse [14]. Exposure to as few as 10 -100 organisms may of ''safer'' sexual practices, therefore, admonish unprotected precipitate infection. Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gosexual contact of any kind, especially rectal intercourse.norrhoeae infect columnar epithelium and infect the anorectal Since the national rates of rectal gonococcal infections demucosa via oral-genital and rectal insertive intercourse. Herpes creased dramatically, particularly among homosexual men, simplex virus (HSV), human papilloma virus, and Treponema from 1985 to 1995, it has been assumed that safer-sex guidepallidum infect stratified squamous epithelium and can be lines are being followed and that the practice of anal intercourse transmitted similarly to the anorectal region. has declined [3 -5]. Data from cohort studies of homosexual Risk factors. Factors associated with an increased risk of men verify this assumption, but other recent reports of sexual acquiring any STD include multiple partners, anonymous partbehavior among homosexual and heterosexual adolescents, ilners, and individual sexual practices that increase the risk of licit drug users, and heterosexual adults suggest that unproacquiring specific diseases, as previously mentioned [15,16]. tected anal intercourse is quite common [6 -10]. Why,...

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“…Reports from several US cities documented a sharp decline in gonorrhea among MSM during the early 1980s, [1][2][3] coincident with reports of reductions in unsafe sexual behaviors. 4,5 However, several recent reports suggest a reversal in these trends.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gonorrhea in the HIV era: a reversal in trends among men who have sex with men

Fox¹,

Rı́o²,

Holmes³

et al. 2001

Am J Public Health

122

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A B S T R A C TObjectives. Gonorrhea cases among men who have sex with men (MSM) declined in the early years of the HIV epidemic. We evaluated more recent trends in gonorrhea among MSM through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Gonococcal Isolate Surveillance Project.Methods. Isolates and case information were collected from 29 US sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics. Gonococcal urethritis cases among MSM were compared with those among heterosexual men, and cases among MSM in 1995 to 1999 were compared with earlier MSM cases.Results. Of 34 942 cases, the proportion represented by MSM increased from 4.5% in 1992 to 13.2% in 1999 (P< .001). Compared with heterosexuals, MSM were older, more often White, and more often had had gonorrhea previously, although fewer had had gonorrhea in the past year. MSM with gonorrhea in 1995 to 1999 were slightly older than those with gonorrhea in 1992 to 1994, and a higher proportion had had gonorrhea in the past year.Conclusions. MSM account for an increasing proportion of gonococcal urethritis cases in STD clinics. Given recent evidence that gonorrhea may facilitate HIV transmission, these trends demand increased attention to safe sexual behaviors and reducing STDs among

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Fear of Aids and Gonorrhoea Rates in Homosexual Men

Cited by 100 publications

References 4 publications

Sexually transmitted infections: challenges ahead

Sexually transmitted infections: challenges ahead

Diagnosis and Treatment of Sexually Acquired Proctitis and Proctocolitis: An Update

Gonorrhea in the HIV era: a reversal in trends among men who have sex with men

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