FexOy@C Spheres as an Excellent Catalyst for Fischer−Tropsch Synthesis

Yu, Guo-Bin; Sun, Bo; Pei, Yan; Xie, Songhai; Yan, Shaomin; Qiao, Minghua; Fan, Kangnian; Zhang, Xiao‐Xin; Zong, Baoning

doi:10.1021/ja906370b

Cited by 266 publications

(192 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…Similar features, such as the presence of CM and biophilic elements, were observed for the here studied spherules, and therefore an interrelationship of Fe-oxide spherule formation and carbonaceous matter is likely. In low temperature hydrothermal solutions, spherical Fe-oxide particles can form by Fischer-Tropsch-Type (FTT) synthesis of carbonaceous matter (Yu et al, 2010). FFT CM can also be catalyzed by hematite and magnetite, but is however characterized by very low  However, the Indian BIFs are underlain by organic-carbon bearing phyllites (former black shales) with  13 C values of -31.5 to -25.8 ‰, values that were attributed to denitrifying bacteria (Kumar and Das Sharma, 1998).…”

Section: Origin Of the Fe-oxide Spherulesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin of iron oxide spherules in the banded iron formation of the Bababudan Group, Dharwar Craton, Southern India

Orberger

Wagner

Wirth

et al. 2012

Journal of Asian Earth Sciences

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The banded iron formation of the Bababudan Group (Western Dhawar Craton, India) is composed of millimetric to centimetric alternating quartz and grey to red Fe-oxide bands.Major phases are quartz and martite (hematized magnetite) with minor Fe-sulfides and CaMg-Fe-carbonates. Micrometric Fe-oxide spherules fill cavities in discontinuous micrometric layers of Fe-oxides that occur in the massive quartz layers and at the interface of massive Feoxide and quartz layers. The spherules are composed of micrometric radial plates of hematite intergrown with nanometric magnetite. These spherules contain carbonaceous matter (CM) with nanometric Fe-particles and have low N contents (~ 900 ppm; CM1). The spherule formation is attributed to a low temperature hydrothermal process (150-200°C) at around 2.52 Ga, possibly favored by the presence of CM. These hydrothermal fluids dissolved diagenetic interstitial sulfides or carbonates creating cavities which, provided space for the spherule precipitation. Carbonaceous matter of semi-anthracite maturity is encapsulated in quartz grains adjacent to the Fe-oxide spherules (CM2) and it is thus concluded that CM1 and CM2 are most likely contemporaneous and of the same origin, either incorporated at the time of BIF formation or during the hydrothermal event at 2.52 Ga from the underlying phyllitised black shales. Carbonaceous matter (CM3) was also found around the Fe-oxide spherules and the martite grains. CM3 has much higher N contents (> 5000 ppm) and is of a lower maturity than CM1 and CM2 and is related to weathering, also indicated by the presence of goethite and kaolinite. The  13 C of all CMs varies from -19.4 to -24.7 ‰, similar to values measured in the underlying phyllitised black shales and likely reflect denitrifying microbial activity.

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Section: Origin Of the Fe-oxide Spherulesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin of iron oxide spherules in the banded iron formation of the Bababudan Group, Dharwar Craton, Southern India

Orberger

Wagner

Wirth

et al. 2012

Journal of Asian Earth Sciences

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“…It is generally acknowledged that iron carbides, as well as in some reports, metallic iron, are the active phase in FTS 5,10,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] . At typical FTS temperature of 543 K, many reports agree that the active phase is w-Fe 5 C 2 , while y-Fe 3 C is a spectator or a deactivation phase 10,19,[21][22][23] .…”

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confidence: 99%

ε-Iron carbide as a low-temperature Fischer–Tropsch synthesis catalyst

et al. 2014

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e-Iron carbide has been predicted to be promising for low-temperature Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (LTFTS) targeting liquid fuel production. However, directional carbidation of metallic iron to e-iron carbide is challenging due to kinetic hindrance. Here we show how rapidly quenched skeletal iron featuring nanocrystalline dimensions, low coordination number and an expanded lattice may solve this problem. We find that the carbidation of rapidly quenched skeletal iron occurs readily in situ during LTFTS at 423-473 K, giving an e-iron carbidedominant catalyst that exhibits superior activity to literature iron and cobalt catalysts, and comparable to more expensive noble ruthenium catalyst, coupled with high selectivity to liquid fuels and robustness without the aid of electronic or structural promoters. This finding may permit the development of an advanced energy-efficient and clean fuel-oriented FTS process on the basis of a cost-effective iron catalyst.

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“…Due to the good dispersion and functional groups prepared by the HTC method, carbon spheres can be ideal catalyst supports [68,69].…”

Section: Applications Of Hydrothermal Carbonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Silver cored carbon spheres were synthesized by HTC of HAuCl4 and glucose at 160-180 °C for 4-20 h [42]. Carbon spheres embedded with iron oxide nanoparticles, an excellent catalyst in the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, was synthesized by HTC of glucose and iron nitrate [68]. During the hydrothermal treatment, iron nitrate was transformed to FeOOH, which was further reduced to iron oxide by hydrogen during the carbonization process.…”

Section: Applications Of Hydrothermal Carbonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Hydrothermal Carbonization of Carbohydrates for Carbon Spheres Preparation

Shahbazi

2015

Tr Ren Energy

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Carbon spheres have attracted a great deal of attention due to their applications as super capacitors, catalyst supports, and adsorbents. Carbon spheres can be prepared with controlled size and with oxygenated functional groups on the surface by the hydrothermal carbonization. The further processed products have a high surface area and high thermal stability. Among various methods for fabrication of carbon spheres, the hydrothermal carbonization is favored because of its mild operating conditions. In addition, hydrothermal carbonization can synthesize micro or nano scale carbon spheres environmentally friendly without employing organic solvents, surfactants, or catalysts. In this review, we present the effects of process parameters, structural characteristics of carbon spheres, possible formation mechanisms of carbon spheres, and applications in catalysis.

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Fe_xO_y@C Spheres as an Excellent Catalyst for Fischer−Tropsch Synthesis

Cited by 266 publications

References 36 publications

Origin of iron oxide spherules in the banded iron formation of the Bababudan Group, Dharwar Craton, Southern India

Origin of iron oxide spherules in the banded iron formation of the Bababudan Group, Dharwar Craton, Southern India

ε-Iron carbide as a low-temperature Fischer–Tropsch synthesis catalyst

A Review of Hydrothermal Carbonization of Carbohydrates for Carbon Spheres Preparation

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