Fe and Nutrients in Coastal Antarctic Streams: Implications for Primary Production in the Ross Sea

Olund, Sydney; Lyons, W. Berry; Welch, Susan A.; Welch, Kathleen A.

doi:10.1029/2017jg004352

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 96 publications

(167 reference statements)

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“…The stream is 4.2 km long, has an average gradient of 0.044 m/m, and discharges directly into the McMurdo Sound (Wlostowski et al, 2016). The stream channel is bounded by permafrost and there is also a hyporheic zone present, which expands to up to 60 cm depth throughout the summer (McKnight et al, 1999;Olund et al, 2018). The daily and seasonal discharge varies greatly due to solar incidence, temperature, and precipitation (McKnight et al, 1999;Olund et al, 2018), as highlighted in Supplementary Figure S1.…”

Section: Sampling Locationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The stream channel is bounded by permafrost and there is also a hyporheic zone present, which expands to up to 60 cm depth throughout the summer (McKnight et al, 1999;Olund et al, 2018). The daily and seasonal discharge varies greatly due to solar incidence, temperature, and precipitation (McKnight et al, 1999;Olund et al, 2018), as highlighted in Supplementary Figure S1. Commonwealth Stream has been gauged for 24 years by the MCM-LTER program, with flow data collected every 15 min using Campbell CR10 data loggers (McKnight et al, 1999;Wlostowski et al, 2016).…”

Section: Sampling Locationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the samples were collected at the discharge gauging station, approximately 0.7 km from the glacier terminus (Figure 1, sampling location 1, hereafter referred to as Gauging Station). A partial diurnal set of samples was also collected on 1 January 2016 close to the river mouth, approximately 3.4 km downstream from the Gauging Station and 100 m from where the stream discharges into the McMurdo Sound (as described in Olund et al, 2018, Figure 1, sampling location 2, subsequently referred to as the Mouth Station).…”

Section: Sampling Locationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although streams in the MDV are not impacted by subglacial chemical weathering, they are influenced by weathering processes within cryoconite holes via supraglacial melt (Fortner et al, 2005;Bagshaw et al, 2013;Fountain, 2014). In addition, most streams have extensive hyporheic zones, where chemical weathering and dissolution occurs (Gooseff et al, 2002;Welch et al, 2010;Olund et al, 2018). Previous studies have found these streams to be a potential source of Fe and P to coastal phytoplankton communities (Lyons et al, 2015;Olund et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, most streams have extensive hyporheic zones, where chemical weathering and dissolution occurs (Gooseff et al, 2002;Welch et al, 2010;Olund et al, 2018). Previous studies have found these streams to be a potential source of Fe and P to coastal phytoplankton communities (Lyons et al, 2015;Olund et al, 2018). Despite the cold and dry conditions in the Dry Valleys, analysis of stream hyporheic zones has shown primary silicate weathering rates to be comparable to temperate environments (Gooseff et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Silicon Isotopic Composition of Dry and Wet-Based Glaciers in Antarctica

et al. 2020

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Glaciers and ice sheets export significant amounts of silicon (Si) to downstream ecosystems, impacting local and potentially global biogeochemical cycles. Recent studies have shown Si in Arctic glacial meltwaters to have an isotopically distinct signature when compared to non-glacial rivers. This is likely linked to subglacial weathering processes and mechanochemical reactions. However, there are currently no silicon isotope (δ 30 Si) data available from meltwater streams in Antarctica, limiting the current inferences on global glacial silicon isotopic composition and its drivers. To address this gap, we present dissolved silicon (DSi), δ 30 Si DSi , and major ion data from meltwater streams draining a polythermal glacier in the region of the West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP; King George Island) and a cold-based glacier in East Antarctica [Commonwealth Stream, McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDV)]. These data, alongside other global datasets, improve our understanding of how contrasting glacier thermal regime can impact upon Si cycling and therefore the δ 30 Si DSi composition. We find a similar δ 30 Si DSi composition between the two sites, with the streams on King George Island varying between-0.23 and +1.23 and the Commonwealth stream varying from-0.40 to +1.14. However, meltwater streams in King George Island have higher DSi concentrations, and the two glacial systems exhibit opposite DSi-δ 30 Si DSi trends. These contrasts likely result from differences in weathering processes, specifically the role of subglacial processes (King George Island) and, supraglacial processes followed by in-stream weathering in hyporheic zones (Commonwealth Stream). These findings are important when considering likely changes in nutrient fluxes from Antarctic glaciers under climatic warming scenarios and consequent shifts in glacial thermal regimes.

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Section: Sampling Locationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sampling Locationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sampling Locationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Silicon Isotopic Composition of Dry and Wet-Based Glaciers in Antarctica

et al. 2020

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The geochemistry of Irish rivers

Lyons

Carey

Gardner

et al. 2021

Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies

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Snow-Dependent Biogeochemical Cycling of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons at Coastal Antarctica

Iriarte

Dachs

Casas

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The temporal trend of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in coastal waters with highly dynamic sources and sinks is largely unknown, especially for polar regions. Here, we show the concurrent measurements of 73 individual PAHs and environmental data, including the composition of the bacterial community, during three austral summers at coastal Livingston (2015 and 2018) and Deception ( 2017) islands (Antarctica). The Livingston 2015 campaign was characterized by a larger snow melting input of PAHs and nutrients. The assessment of PAH diagnostic ratios, such as parent to alkyl-PAHs or LMW to HMW PAHs, showed that there was a larger biodegradation during the Livingston 2015 campaign than in the Deception 2017 and Livingston 2018 campaigns. The biogeochemical cycling, including microbial degradation, was thus yearly dependent on snow-derived inputs of matter, including PAHs, consistent with the microbial community significantly different between the different campaigns. The bivariate correlations between bacterial taxa and PAH concentrations showed that a decrease in PAH concentrations was concurrent with the higher abundance of some bacterial taxa, specifically the order Pseudomonadales in the class Gammaproteobacteria, known facultative hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria previously reported in degradation studies of oil spills. The work shows the potential for elucidation of biogeochemical processes by intensive field-derived time series, even in the harsh and highly variable Antarctic environment.

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Fe and Nutrients in Coastal Antarctic Streams: Implications for Primary Production in the Ross Sea

Abstract: The Southern Ocean (SO) has been an area of biogeochemical interest due to the presence of

Cited by 7 publications

References 96 publications

Silicon Isotopic Composition of Dry and Wet-Based Glaciers in Antarctica

Silicon Isotopic Composition of Dry and Wet-Based Glaciers in Antarctica

The geochemistry of Irish rivers

Snow-Dependent Biogeochemical Cycling of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons at Coastal Antarctica

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