FDTD Modeling of Graphene Devices Using Complex Conjugate Dispersion Material Model

Wideband Finite-Difference Time-Domain Modeling of Graphene via Recursive Fast Fourier Transform

“…Since in most cases obtaining the analytic solution of Maxwell's equations is impossible, the use of numerical simulation methods comes in helpful. Among various numerical methods, the finite-difference time-domain method has been shown to model graphene in a simpler and more efficient manner [2][3][4][5][6][7] in which graphene is modeled as a thin resistive sheet with a frequencydependent conductivity (σ) consisting of two terms, namely the inter-band and the intra-band [8] terms. Modeling a frequency-dependent material, e.g., graphene, in finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) involves evaluation of a convolution: σ(t) * E(t).…”

“…The intra-band conductivity is defined by a Drudelike expression, which can be simply implemented in the FDTD using the standard approaches [2,3]. However, the convolution involving the logarithmic approximation of the inter-band term can't be evaluated efficiently in a recursive manner and the computation cost increases as the time-stepping proceeds [5]. Several authors have alleviated this problem by approximating the inter-band term using high-order rational functions [4][5][6].…”

A Resistive Boundary Condition Enhanced DGTD Scheme for the Transient Analysis of Graphene

“…Compared with frequency domain methods [7], time-domain methods [3], [8], [9] have a plethora of advantages such as broadband characterization with only a single simulation and transient response capture, etc. Generally, there are two approaches to model the graphene: i) The graphene is considered as a thin layer with nanoscale finite thickness (around 0.34 nm) [10], [11], thus volumetric meshes are required. With this approach, the surface conductivity is transformed to an equivalent permittivity.…”

Actively controlled plasmonic Bragg reflector based on a graphene parallel-plate waveguide

“…A large deal of work has been devoted to designing and investigating graphene-based plasmonic device, such as super-resolution, 16,17 antenna, 18 cloaking, 19,20 plasmonic absorbers, 21 filters 22 and sensor. 23 In addition, the strong coupling of SPPs in monolayer graphene sheet array 24 has been analyzed theoretically and based on the three-layer graphene coupling system, 25 the optical splitter, spatial switch, 26 and directional coupler 27 working deeply under the diffraction limit have been constructed and demonstrated systematically. So the research progress on the graphene SPPs provides a new way to achieve tunable plasmonic Bragg gratings.…”