FDTD Analysis Fiber Optic SPR Biosensor for DNA Hybridization: A Numerical Demonstration with Graphene

In this paper, a highly sensitive graphene-based multiple-layer (BK7/Au/PtSe2/Graphene) coated surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor is proposed for the rapid detection of the novel Coronavirus (COVID-19). The proposed sensor was modeled on the basis of the total internal reflection (TIR) technique for real-time detection of ligand-analyte immobilization in the sensing region. The refractive index (RI) of the sensing region is changed due to the interaction of different concentrations of the ligand-analyte, thus impacting surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) excitation of the multi-layer sensor interface. The performance of the proposed sensor was numerically investigated by using the transfer matrix method (TMM) and the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. The proposed SPR biosensor provides fast and accurate early-stage diagnosis of the COVID-19 virus, which is crucial in limiting the spread of the pandemic. In addition, the performance of the proposed sensor was investigated numerically with different ligand-analytes: (i) the monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) as ligand and the COVID-19 virus spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) as analyte, (ii) the virus spike RBD as ligand and the virus anti-spike protein (IgM, IgG) as analyte and (iii) the specific probe as ligand and the COVID-19 virus single-standard ribonucleic acid (RNA) as analyte. After the investigation, the sensitivity of the proposed sensor was found to provide 183.33°/refractive index unit (RIU) in SPR angle (θSPR) and 833.33THz/RIU in SPR frequency (SPRF) for detection of the COVID-19 virus spike RBD; the sensitivity obtained 153.85°/RIU in SPR angle and 726.50THz/RIU in SPRF for detection of the anti-spike protein, and finally, the sensitivity obtained 140.35°/RIU in SPR angle and 500THz/RIU in SPRF for detection of viral RNA. It was observed that whole virus spike RBD detection sensitivity is higher than that of the other two detection processes. Highly sensitive two-dimensional (2D) materials were used to achieve significant enhancement in the Goos-Hänchen (GH) shift detection sensitivity and plasmonic properties of the conventional SPR sensor. The proposed sensor successfully senses the COVID-19 virus and offers additional (1 + 0.55) × L times sensitivity owing to the added graphene layers. Besides, the performance of the proposed sensor was analyzed based on detection accuracy (DA), the figure of merit (FOM), signal-noise ratio (SNR), and quality factor (QF). Based on its performance analysis, it is expected that the proposed sensor may reduce lengthy procedures, false positive results, and clinical costs, compared to traditional sensors. The performance of the proposed sensor model was checked using the TMM algorithm and validated by the FDTD technique.

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“…The ratio of reflectance and incidence angle is familiar as the SPR curve. The incident angle is recognized as the

, which can be expressed as [ 23 , 60 ]:

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Numerical Analysis of a Graphene-Coated SPR Biosensor for Rapid Detection of the Novel Coronavirus

Akib

Mou

Rahman

et al. 2021

Sensors

109

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“…Where C0/ncom is the propagation velocity of SPW that is a perpendicularly confined evanescent electromagnetic wave [17][18][19][20]. If the incident angle of optical wave is tuned, SPR condition is achieved in which reflectance (R) of reflected wave is minimum and transmittance (T) is maximum and then then SPW penetrate at SPF along the x-direction.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene-MoS2-Au-TiO2-SiO2 Hybrid SPR Biosensor: A New Window for Formalin Detection

Hossain¹,

Khan²,

Rahman³

et al. 2019

J. Mater. Appl.

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In this article, numerically a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor is developed based on Graphene-MOS2-Au-TiO2-SiO2 hybrid structure for formalin detection. This developed sensor sensed the presence of formalin by applying attenuated total reflection (ATR). In ATR method, we developed and observed two characteristics curve, one is “SPR angle versus minimum reflectance (Rmin)” and another is “SPR frequency (SPRF) versus maximum transmittance (Tmax). In the proposed sensor, Chitosan is used as probe legend to perform specific reaction with the formalin (40% formaldehyde) as target legend. Here, graphene and MoS2 both are used as biomolecular acknowledgment element (BAE). And TiO2 as well as SiO2 bilayers are used to improve sensor sensitivity and Gold (Au) is to sharp SPR curve. In numerical results, the variation of SPRF and SPR angle for inappropriate sensing of formalin is quiet insignificant which confirms the absence of formalin. On the other hand, these variations for appropriate sensing is considerably significant that confirms the presence of formalin. At the end of this article, a study of variation of sensitivity of the proposed biosensor in corresponding to the increment of refractive index with a refractive index step 0.01 RIU is measured. In inclusion of TiO2-SiO2 bilayers with Graphene-MOS2, maximum sensitivity of 85.375% more is numerically reported.

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“…In recent years, refractive index based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) bio-sensing has been widely researched because this sensor technology has a great potential for detection and analysis of chemical and biochemical substances in many important areas including medicine, biotechnology, monitoring of drug, food quality, environment safety, formalin detection, medical diagnosis, enzyme detection, and doxyribonucleic acid (DNA-DNA) hybridization [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This change of refractive index results in a change of propagation constant of the SPW and thus the SPR angle and SPR frequency (F SPR ) change [10]. The principle of OSSPRs is the same with LSPRs except that it is fabricated in optical fiber cables [12,17,28]. Compared with these SPR biosensors, the LRSPRs have longer surface propagation lengths, higher surface electric field strengths, and narrower angular resonance curves [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Numerical Approach to Design the Kretschmann Configuration Based Refractive Index Graphene-MoS2 Hybrid Layers With TiO2-SiO2 Nano for Formalin Detection

Hossain¹,

Tasnim

Abdulrazak

et al. 2019

Photonic Sens

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In this paper, a Kretschmann configuration based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor is numerically designed using graphene-MoS2 hybrid structure TiO2-SiO2 nano particles for formalin detection. In this design, the observations of SPR angle versus minimum reflectance and SPR frequency (FSPR) versus maximum transmittance (Tmax) are considered. The chitosan is used as probe legend to perform reaction with the formalin (40% formaldehyde) which acts as target legend. In this paper, both graphene and MoS2 are used as biomolecular acknowledgment element (BAE) and TiO2 as well as SiO2 bilayers is used to improve the sensitivity of the sensor. The numerical results show that the variation of FSPR and SPR angles for inappropriate sensing of formalin is quite insignificant which confirms the absence of formalin. On the other hand, these variations for appropriate sensing are considerably significant that confirm the presence of formalin. At the end of this article, the variation of sensitivity of the proposed biosensor is measured in corresponding to the increment of a refractive index with a refractive index step 0.01 refractive index unit (RIU). In inclusion of TiO2-SiO2 bilayers with graphene-MoS2, a maximum sensitivity of 85.375% is numerically calculated.

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FDTD Analysis Fiber Optic SPR Biosensor for DNA Hybridization: A Numerical Demonstration with Graphene

Cited by 5 publications

References 15 publications

Design and Numerical Analysis of a Graphene-Coated SPR Biosensor for Rapid Detection of the Novel Coronavirus

Design and Numerical Analysis of a Graphene-Coated SPR Biosensor for Rapid Detection of the Novel Coronavirus

Graphene-MoS2-Au-TiO2-SiO2 Hybrid SPR Biosensor: A New Window for Formalin Detection

A Numerical Approach to Design the Kretschmann Configuration Based Refractive Index Graphene-MoS2 Hybrid Layers With TiO2-SiO2 Nano for Formalin Detection

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