FDM-3D printing parameter optimization using taguchi approach on surface roughness of thermoplastic polyurethane parts

Hasdiansah, Hasdiansah; Yaqin, Rizqi Ilmal; Pristiansyah, Pristiansyah; Umar, Mega Lazuardi; Priyambodo, Bambang Hari

doi:10.1007/s12008-023-01304-w

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Contour plots provide an effective visualization method to explore the correlation between a response variable and two input parameters. These plots portray the impact of input parameter values on the X and Y axes, with shaded contours indicating the values of the response variable [ 51 ]. Infill density and print speed were the most significant factors influencing the Charpy impact strength.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Charpy Impact Strength of Tough PLA Samples Produced by 3D Printing Using the Taguchi Method

Tunçel

2024

Polymers

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This research employs the Taguchi method and analysis of variance (ANOVA) to investigate, analyze, and optimize the impact strength of tough polylactic acid (PLA) material produced through fused deposition modeling (FDM). This study explores the effect of key printing parameters—specifically, infill density, raster angle, layer height, and print speed—on Charpy impact strength. Utilizing a Taguchi L16 orthogonal array experimental design, the parameters are varied within defined ranges. The results, analyzed through signal-to-noise (S/N) ratios and ANOVA, reveal that infill density has the most substantial impact on Charpy impact strength, followed by print speed, layer height, and raster angle. ANOVA identifies infill density and print speed as the most influential factors, contributing 38.93% and 36.51%, respectively. A regression model was formulated and this model predicted the impact strength with high accuracy (R2 = 98.16%). The optimized parameter set obtained through the Taguchi method, namely, a 100% infill density, 45/−45° raster angle, 0.25 mm layer height, and 75 mm/s print speed, enhances the impact strength by 1.39% compared to the experimental design, resulting in an impact strength of 38.54 kJ/m2. Validation experiments confirmed the effectiveness of the optimized parameters.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Charpy Impact Strength of Tough PLA Samples Produced by 3D Printing Using the Taguchi Method

Tunçel

2024

Polymers

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“…This study investigates the effects of six FDM printing parameters (factors), namely layer height, wall thickness, infill density, build plate temperature, printing speed and printing temperature on the maximum force (F m ), and Young's modulus (E) of the tensile (F m,t , E t ), flexural (F m, f , E f ), and compressive (F m,c , E c ) properties, selected as FDM process responses. The selected factors have been shown to be significantly important in 3D printing applications [36]. Table 2 shows the six FDM printing parameters and the range of their values (levels).…”

Section: Specimen's Design and Printingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation and Prediction of Tensile, Flexural, and Compressive Properties of Tough PLA Material Using Definitive Screening Design

Al-Tamimi,

Pandžić,

Kadrić

2023

Polymers

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The material extrusion fused deposition modeling (FDM) technique has become a widely used technique that enables the production of complex parts for various applications. To overcome limitations of PLA material such as low impact toughness, commercially available materials such as UltiMaker Tough PLA were produced to improve the parent PLA material that can be widely applied in many engineering applications. In this study, 3D-printed parts (test specimens) considering six different printing parameters (i.e., layer height, wall thickness, infill density, build plate temperature, printing speed, and printing temperature) are experimentally investigated to understand their impact on the mechanical properties of Tough PLA material. Three different standardized tests of tensile, flexural, and compressive properties were conducted to determine the maximum force and Young’s modulus. These six properties were used as responses in a design of experiment, definitive screening design (DSD), to build six regression models. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is performed to evaluate the effects of each of the six printing parameters on Tough PLA mechanical properties. It is shown that all regression models are statistically significant (p<0.05) with high values of adjusted and predicted R2. Conducted confirmation tests resulted in low relative errors between experimental and predicted data, indicating that the developed models are adequately accurate and reliable for the prediction of tensile, flexural, and compressive properties of Tough PLA material.

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“…This process results in FDM exhibiting different mechanical properties depending on process variables such as filament composition, density, temperature, speed, and thickness, and by optimizing these process variables, performance suitable for the application field can be achieved [4]. Although FDM has shown great promise in diverse applications, including aerospace, automotive, biomedical, and consumer products [5,6], the inherent limitations of the process, such as high surface roughness, anisotropic mechanical properties, and poor dimensional accuracy, have hindered its widespread adoption in industries demanding high-quality parts [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of liquid lubricants on the surface characteristics of 3D-printed polylactic acid

Kim,

Lee,

Kim

2024

Smart Mater. Struct.

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In this study, 3D-printed Polylactic acid (PLA) specimens were manufactured and polished using various lubricants to assess their surface, friction, and wear characteristics. After polishing, the surface roughness decreased by approximately 80% compared with that before polishing, except when acetone was used as the lubricant. In particular, under deionized (DI) water and acetone lubrication conditions, the friction coefficient decreased by 63% and 70%, respectively, whereas the specific wear rate decreased by 88% and 83%, respectively, compared with the unpolished specimens. In the case of dry polishing, adhesion, friction, and wear increase owing to surface damage. Ethanol and IPA polishing resulted in hydrolysis and increased friction, but slightly decreased wear rates. The surface of the specimen polished with acetone dissolved and became very rough. Only the surface polished with DI water exhibited hydrophobic properties. When acetone and DI water were used as lubricants, the surface adhesion force, adhesion energy, friction coefficient, and wear rate were lowest. The finite element analysis results showed that the polished surface exhibited stable contact pressure and friction force, while the unpolished surface showed large fluctuations in contact pressure and friction force owing to the laminated pattern. These results suggest that the polishing process is crucial for improving the surface characteristics and mechanical performance of 3D-printed PLA parts.

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FDM-3D printing parameter optimization using taguchi approach on surface roughness of thermoplastic polyurethane parts

Cited by 6 publications

References 68 publications

Optimization of Charpy Impact Strength of Tough PLA Samples Produced by 3D Printing Using the Taguchi Method

Optimization of Charpy Impact Strength of Tough PLA Samples Produced by 3D Printing Using the Taguchi Method

Investigation and Prediction of Tensile, Flexural, and Compressive Properties of Tough PLA Material Using Definitive Screening Design

Effects of liquid lubricants on the surface characteristics of 3D-printed polylactic acid

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