FDA-Approved Anti-Obesity Drugs in the United States

Daneschvar, Homayoun L.; Aronson, Mark D.; Smetana, Gerald W.

doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2016.02.009

Cited by 135 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The only Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug for use in adolescents aged 12–16 years is orlistat (Xenical) 128. It has been on the market since 1990 and has been available in the US as a nonprescription drug since 2007 129. The mechanism of action of orlistat, a lipase inhibitor, is fat malabsorption.…”

Section: Management Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acanthosis nigricans in obese adolescents: prevalence, impact, and management challenges

Ng¹

2016

AHMT

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Obesity in adolescence is a public health priority because it usually tracks into adulthood, resulting in enormous medical and social costs. This underscores the importance of early identification and intervention. Acanthosis nigricans (AN) was once considered a rare paraneoplastic dermatosis, but is now frequently observed in obese adolescents. Current understanding suggests that it is associated with insulin resistance and has a unique role in secondary prevention. The purpose of this narrative review is to provide a comprehensive overview of AN in obese adolescents, covering its history, current knowledge on the condition, its clinical significance, management challenges, and the direction of future research.

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Section: Management Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acanthosis nigricans in obese adolescents: prevalence, impact, and management challenges

Ng¹

2016

AHMT

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“…There are now several US FDA-approved medications for the treatment of obesity (Table 1). 10,11 These drugs, of which many were FDA approved as late as 2014, are recommended as an adjunct to lifestyle therapies. 12 Compared to new drugs available for diabetes, these new obesity drugs are 15 times less likely to be dispensed and have only taken 20% of the obesity medication market share.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

US health policy and prescription drug coverage of FDA-approved medications for the treatment of obesity

Gomez

Stanford

2017

Int J Obes

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OBJECTIVE: Obesity is now the most prevalent chronic disease in the United States, which amounts to an estimated $147 billion in health care spending annually. The Affordable Care Act (ACA) enacted in 2010 included provisions for private and public health insurance plans that expanded coverage for lifestyle/behavior modification and bariatric surgery for the treatment of obesity. Pharmacotherapy, however, has not been included despite their evidence-based efficacy. We set out to investigate the coverage of Food and Drug Administration-approved medications for obesity within Medicare, Medicaid and ACA-established marketplace health insurance plans. METHODS: We examined coverage for phentermine, diethylpropion, phendimetrazine, Benzphentamine, Lorcaserin, Phentermine/Topiramate (Qysmia), Liraglutide (Saxenda) and Buproprion/Naltrexone (Contrave) among Medicare, Medicaid and marketplace insurance plans in 34 states. RESULTS: Among 136 marketplace health insurance plans, 11% had some coverage for the specified drugs in only nine states. Medicare policy strictly excludes drug therapy for obesity. Only seven state Medicaid programs have drug coverage. CONCLUSIONS: Obesity requires an integrated approach to combat its public health threat. Broader coverage of pharmacotherapy can make a significant contribution to fighting this complex and chronic disease.

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“…Medicines also are options for people in whom lifestyle changes are insufficient or ineffective. The United Stated Food and Drug Administration has recently approved several new anti-obesity drugs; however, the efficacies and adverse effects of these drugs remain to be evaluated further 3 . Therefore, new, safer and more effective drugs and therapeutic targets are still needed in weight loss therapy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pentamethylquercetin induces adipose browning and exerts beneficial effects in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and high-fat diet-fed mice

Han

Shen

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Browning white adipocytes may be a new target in anti-obesity therapy. Pentamethylquercetin (PMQ) has been shown to have anti-obesity effects in monosodium glutamate-induced obese mice. Here, we aimed to study the anti-obesity effects of PMQ in vitro and in vivo and to determine if adipose browning is involved in the mechanism underlying the anti-obesity effects of PMQ. We evaluated the effects of PMQ on cell proliferation, cell differentiation, glucose consumption, cellular lipid metabolism, and related brown gene expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. We also investigated the effects of PMQ in a mouse model of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. Our results demonstrated that PMQ increased the consumption of glucose, inhibited the accumulation of cellular triglycerides (TGs), and induced the expression of brown adipocyte-specific genes, such as uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1), during the early stage of differentiation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In HFD mice, PMQ treatment reduced waist circumference, LEE index, white adipose tissue (WAT) weight and white adipocyte size and increased brown adipose tissue (BAT) weight. Moreover, PMQ treatment induced mitochondrial biogenesis and upregulated UCP-1 expression in WAT. These findings suggest that PMQ may induce browning of adipose tissue, a phenomenon that is at least partly related to its anti-obesity effects.

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FDA-Approved Anti-Obesity Drugs in the United States

Cited by 135 publications

References 36 publications

Acanthosis nigricans in obese adolescents: prevalence, impact, and management challenges

Acanthosis nigricans in obese adolescents: prevalence, impact, and management challenges

US health policy and prescription drug coverage of FDA-approved medications for the treatment of obesity

Pentamethylquercetin induces adipose browning and exerts beneficial effects in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and high-fat diet-fed mice

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