This study aimed to contextualize Fazlur Rahman's thoughts on the Merdeka Belajar (Free Learning) Curriculum system in Primary Education. This study method used a qualitative approach with the type of library research by examining the works of Fazlur Rahman and several books and journal articles related to his thoughts. The scientific method used in this study was the historical method, consisting of heuristic stages, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The study results revealed that Fazlur Rahman's thoughts were very relevant to understand in the context of the Merdeka Belajar (Free Learning) Curriculum, including 1) To understand the progress of learning (as is the concept of Merdeka Belajar), Rahman emphasized the importance of the concept of Democratization of Education, in which children were given certain freedoms while still being accompanied by educators so that local wisdom and universal human ethics (Islamic values) were maintained.. 2) Education had to continue to adopt various advanced civilizations, but it had to not destroy the moral values of children.3) In Merdeka Belajar, education had to be child-centered, as well as Fazlur Rahman's thoughts. He emphasized that education had to respect children's nature, equality, and freedom so that children's potential (cognitive, affective, and psychomotor) could continue to increase. 4) The importance of using the double movement theory in improving the quality of education. 5) Rahman concluded that true education was education based on the Qur'an's ethics.