Favorable Effects of Astaxanthin on Brain Damage due to Ischemia- Reperfusion Injury

Çakır, Esra; Çakır, Ufuk; Tayman, Cüneyt; Türkmenoğlu, Tuğba Taşkın; Gönel, Ataman; Turan, İşıl Özkoçak

doi:10.2174/1386207323666200219121600

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…For acute cerebral infarction (ACI) rat, the treatment with astaxanthin notably inhibited oxidative stress and increased the mRNA expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF), which led to ameliorate ACI (Table 1) [56]. Astaxanthin also protected the brain from oxidative damage and reduced neuronal deficits due to cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) ( Table 1) [57]. The mechanisms of astaxanthin in neuroprotective properties against cerebral ischemia-induced apoptosis were investigated, and the in vitro data revealed that astaxanthin could confer neuroprotection against the oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced apoptosis via the PI3K/Akt/GSK3β/Nrf2 signaling pathway (Table 1) [58].…”

Section: The Anti-inflammatory Effects Of Astaxanthin In Neurologicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Astaxanthin and its Effects in Inflammatory Responses and Inflammation-Associated Diseases: Recent Advances and Future Directions

2020

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Astaxanthin is a natural lipid-soluble and red-orange carotenoid. Due to its strong antioxidant property, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and immune modulation, astaxanthin has gained growing interest as a multi-target pharmacological agent against various diseases. In the current review, the anti-inflammation mechanisms of astaxanthin involved in targeting for inflammatory biomarkers and multiple signaling pathways, including PI3K/AKT, Nrf2, NF-κB, ERK1/2, JNK, p38 MAPK, and JAK-2/STAT-3, have been described. Furthermore, the applications of anti-inflammatory effects of astaxanthin in neurological diseases, diabetes, gastrointestinal diseases, hepatic and renal diseases, eye and skin disorders, are highlighted. In addition to the protective effects of astaxanthin in various chronic and acute diseases, we also summarize recent advances for the inconsistent roles of astaxanthin in infectious diseases, and give our view that the exact function of astaxanthin in response to different pathogen infection and the potential protective effects of astaxanthin in viral infectious diseases should be important research directions in the future.

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Section: The Anti-inflammatory Effects Of Astaxanthin In Neurologicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Astaxanthin and its Effects in Inflammatory Responses and Inflammation-Associated Diseases: Recent Advances and Future Directions

2020

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“…Moreover, it reduces the activity of aldose reductase (AR) which is responsible for the progression of DR [63]. The natural astaxanthin has favorable effects against ischemia-reperfusion injury associated with brain damage and neurovascular inflammation [64]. Commercially, the synthetic glucocorticoid, i.e., DEX, is widely used in various inflammatory and immunological disorders including DR [65,66].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Astaxanthin Ameliorates Diabetic Retinopathy in Swiss Albino Mice via Inhibitory Processes of Neuron-Specific Enolase Activity

Subramanian

Thirunavukkarasu²,

Muthuraman³

2022

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Retinopathy is one of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) occurs due to microvascular damage in retinal tissues provoked by high blood sugar levels. The available drugs for DR are limited. Astaxanthin (AST) has anti-hypertensive, anti-obesity, and anti-diabetic properties. However, the therapeutic effect of AST on DR remains elusive. The present study is designed to investigate the effects of AST on DR via inhibition of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) activity. DR was induced by the administration of streptozotocin (STZ, 35 mg/kg: intraperitoneal; and 20 μL of STZ: intravitreal) in mice. AST (10 and 20 mg/kg) was administered orally (p.o.) for 21 days. The DR associated visual changes were assessed at different time intervals via optokinetic motor response (OMR) and penta-maze (PM) tests. Blood glucose level as well as retinal catalase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), & neuron-specific enolase (NSE) were estimated. The reference drug i.e., dexamethasone (DEX, 10 mg/kg; p.o.) was administered for 21 days. The administration of AST showed significant ameliorative potential in DR. Hence, AST can be used as a natural medicine for the management of DR due to its potential antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and NSE inhibitory properties.

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“…The researchers attributed ASX’s benefits to its intense antioxidant activity. Another study found that pretreatment with ASX for five hours, and again one hour before ischemia, protected against brain damage [ 93 ]. ASX was found to be a potent agent against neurodegenerative disorders.…”

Section: The Role Of Astaxanthin In the Aging Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Astaxanthin as a Nutraceutical in Health and Age-Related Conditions

et al. 2022

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The current review provides an up-to-date analysis of scientific data on astaxanthin (ASX) sources and experimental studies on its health benefits as a potent antioxidant in the aging process. ASX is a liposoluble carotenoid nutrient and reddish-orange pigment, naturally synthesized by numerous microalgae, yeasts, and bacteria as secondary metabolites. Provides a reddish hue to redfish and shellfish flesh that feed on ASX-producing microorganisms. The microalga Haematococcus pluvialis is the most important source for its industrial bioproduction. Due to its strong antioxidant properties, numerous investigations reported that natural ASX is a more significant antioxidant agent than other antioxidants, such as vitamin C, vitamin E, and β-carotene. Furthermore, several data show that ASX possesses important nutraceutical applications and health benefits, especially in healthy aging processes. However, further studies are needed for a deeper understanding of the potential mechanisms through which ASX could lead to its effective role in the healthy aging process, such as supporting brain health and skin homeostasis. This review highlights the current investigations on the effective role of ASX in oxidative stress, aging mechanisms, skin physiology, and central nervous system functioning, and shows the potential clinical implications related to its consumption.

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Favorable Effects of Astaxanthin on Brain Damage due to Ischemia- Reperfusion Injury

Cited by 14 publications

References 47 publications

Astaxanthin and its Effects in Inflammatory Responses and Inflammation-Associated Diseases: Recent Advances and Future Directions

Astaxanthin and its Effects in Inflammatory Responses and Inflammation-Associated Diseases: Recent Advances and Future Directions

Astaxanthin Ameliorates Diabetic Retinopathy in Swiss Albino Mice via Inhibitory Processes of Neuron-Specific Enolase Activity

The Role of Astaxanthin as a Nutraceutical in Health and Age-Related Conditions

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