Faux Pas Detection and Intentional Action in Asperger Syndrome. A Replication on a French Sample

Zalla, Tiziana; Sav, Anca-Maria; Stopin, Astrid; Ahade, Sabrina; Leboyer, Marion

doi:10.1007/s10803-008-0634-y

Cited by 108 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Similarly, as previously reported (Zalla et al, 2009), when asked to judge actions that are socially inappropriate, such as a faux pas situation, individuals with AS seemed to attach more importance to normative transgressions than to the agent's intentional states that generated the faux pas. They failed to regard the faux pas as an unintentional act, and since they detected that some wrong or inappropriate action occurred in the story, they tended to blame the protagonist as if she/he had done it on purpose.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

“…Overall, individuals with HFA/AS did not differ from the comparison participants on gender, chronological age (t-test: t(51) = À0.9, p = 0.36, r = 0.13), education (ttest: t(51) = 0.54, p = 0.58, r = 0.076), IQ level (Full-scale, Verbal and Performance: t-test: t(50) = À1.27, p = .20, r = 0.16; t(50) = À0.12, p = .90, r = 0.01; t(50) = À1.79, p = 0.07, r = 0.23). To evaluate mindreading abilities, participants with HFA/AS and nineteen comparison participants were administered an advanced ToM task, the Faux-pas Recognition Test (Baron-Cohen, O'Riordan, Jones, Stone, & Plaistead, 1999;Zalla et al, 2009). The group with HFA/AS performed significantly lower than the comparison group on the Faux Pas total score (t(35) = À2.47, p = 0.018, r = À0.37) as well as on the Belief (t(35) = À2.46, p = 0.018, r = À0.38) and Empathy (t(35) = À4.13, p < 0.0002, r = À0.57) sub-scores, consistently with what is expected from the clinical presentation of the syndrome.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Moral judgment in adults with autism spectrum disorders

et al. 2011

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a b s t r a c tThe ability of a group of adults with high functioning autism (HFA) or Asperger Syndrome (AS) to distinguish moral, conventional and disgust transgressions was investigated using a set of six transgression scenarios, each of which was followed by questions about permissibility, seriousness, authority contingency and justification. The results showed that although individuals with HFA or AS (HFA/AS) were able to distinguish affect-backed norms from conventional affect-neutral norms along the dimensions of permissibility, seriousness and authority-dependence, they failed to distinguish moral and disgust transgressions along the seriousness dimension and were unable to provide appropriate welfare-based moral justifications. Moreover, they judged conventional and disgust transgressions to be more serious than did the comparison group, and the correlation analysis revealed that the seriousness rating was related to their ToM impairment. We concluded that difficulties providing appropriate moral justifications and evaluating the seriousness of transgressions in individuals with HFA/AS may be explained by an impaired cognitive appraisal system that, while responsive to rule violations, fails to use relevant information about the agent's intentions and the affective impact of the action outcome in conscious moral reasoning.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moral judgment in adults with autism spectrum disorders

et al. 2011

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“…Moral judgments then may provide a sensitive test of enduring deficits of ToM in high-functioning ASD. Narrow compensatory strategies, which generate the correct answer on the faux pas and Strange Stories tasks (5,6), are likely to fail for moral judgments that lack simple correct answers-e.g., when the person's innocent intention conflicts with the action's harmful (accidental) outcome.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired theory of mind for moral judgment in high-functioning autism

Moran

Young

Saxe

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

265

227

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High-functioning autism (ASD) is characterized by real-life difficulties in social interaction; however, these individuals often succeed on laboratory tests that require an understanding of another person's beliefs and intentions. This paradox suggests a theory of mind (ToM) deficit in adults with ASD that has yet to be demonstrated in an experimental task eliciting ToM judgments. We tested whether ASD adults would show atypical moral judgments when they need to consider both the intentions (based on ToM) and outcomes of a person's actions. In experiment 1, ASD and neurotypical (NT) participants performed a ToM task designed to test false belief understanding. In experiment 2, the same ASD participants and a new group of NT participants judged the moral permissibility of actions, in a 2 (intention: neutral/negative) × 2 (outcome: neutral/negative) design. Though there was no difference between groups on the false belief task, there was a selective difference in the moral judgment task for judgments of accidental harms, but not neutral acts, attempted harms, or intentional harms. Unlike the NT group, which judged accidental harms less morally wrong than attempted harms, the ASD group did not reliably judge accidental and attempted harms as morally different. In judging accidental harms, ASD participants appeared to show an underreliance on information about a person's innocent intention and, as a direct result, an overreliance on the action's negative outcome. These findings reveal impairments in integrating mental state information (e.g., beliefs, intentions) for moral judgment.

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“…One limitation of the present study was the relatively small sample size, although many previous studies have used similar number of participants (e.g., Castelli, 2005, with respect to emotion recognition; Zalla et al, 2009, with respect to faux pas recognition). When sample sizes are limited, it is important to examine effect sizes (Baer & Ahern, 1993;Cohen, 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using and reasoning about social strategies in autism spectrum disorder in everyday situations

Bellesi

Jameel

Vyas

et al. 2016

Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders

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Although a substantial amount of previous work has been dedicated to the study of the possible theoretical mechanisms underpinning autism spectrum disorder (ASD), little research has examined the types of difficulties experienced by individuals in their everyday social functioning. University students with ASD and matched control participants performed the Social Strategy task. In this, they read a range of descriptions of social interactions, all ending with an awkward question asked by the story main character. The types of strategies they used to answer the awkward questions were examined. Compared to control participants, those with ASD used a more negative emotional tone in responding, generated more simple strategies including acquiescence or refusal, and fewer sophisticated strategies that considered all parties' perspectives. In a novel task condition, participants rank-ordered simple and sophisticated strategies, and gave justifications for their use.Rank-ordering did not differentiate the groups. Justifications given by those with ASD for simple strategies were more practical and less often character-based than those given by control participants; the groups did not differ in the justifications given for sophisticated strategies. The possible explanations of these findings and implications for informing current intervention programmes are considered.

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Faux Pas Detection and Intentional Action in Asperger Syndrome. A Replication on a French Sample

Cited by 108 publications

References 42 publications

Moral judgment in adults with autism spectrum disorders

Moral judgment in adults with autism spectrum disorders

Impaired theory of mind for moral judgment in high-functioning autism

Using and reasoning about social strategies in autism spectrum disorder in everyday situations

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