Faunal Turnover in South American Fossil Avifaunas: The Insufficiencies of the Fossil Record

Olson, Storrs L.

doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1985.tb00460.x

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Based on the assumption that all species are not equally likely to become globally extinct, species that have recently done so must have had high extinction threats. In practice, this approach is hindered by the paucity of data for extinct species (Olson 1985). The most complete set of data on body sizes of extant birds consists of masses (Dunning 1992), but these are known for few extinct species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, since the past extinction threat for recently extinct species was almost certainly high, this suggests that large body size is indeed correlated with extinction threat. However, this conclusion should be treated cautiously, until we know for certain whether our knowledge of extinct species is biased towards certain body sizes (Olson 1985; see also below). For example, Pimm et al (1994) estimate that approximately 90 land-bird species went extinct on Pacific islands following initial human colonization, leaving no fossil or other trace.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Birds, body size and the threat of extinction

Gaston

Blackburn

1995

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

276

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A relation between body size and threat of extinction for animal species has often been hypothesized. However, evidence for the form of the relation is equivocal, and studies can be found reporting positive, negative, or no relation between body size and extinction risk. One way to assess this relation is to compare the body sizes of species considered to be globally threatened with those of species considered to be less at risk. We adopt this approach for birds, considering a bird to be in danger of global extinction if it was listed by Collar & Andrew (ICBP technical publication no. 8 (1988)). Threatened species of bird are, on average, larger-bodied than non-threatened species. This difference is not due to size differences between island endemic species and species with continental distributions. Island endemic and continental species show no consistent body size differences. The relation between body mass and threat of extinction is not due to differences between higher taxa: within taxa, there is still a relation between body size and extinction threat. We present evidence that the degree of threat faced by endangered species may also be related to body mass. We discuss possible explanations for the observed patterns, and conclude that a genuine tendency for large-bodied birds to be more at risk from extinction than small-bodied species is the most likely.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Birds, body size and the threat of extinction

Gaston

Blackburn

1995

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

276

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…8. Despite this, most recent authors have followed Brodkorb and used Phorusrhacos (Feduccia, 1980;Tonni, 1980;Mourer-Chauvire, 1981, 1983Alvarenga, 1982;Cracraft, 1982;Olson, 1985aOlson, , 1985bTonni & Tambussi, 1986, 1988Vuilleumier, 1987;Caroll, 1988;Peters, 1989). In total, however, far more workers (see para.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phororhacos Ameghino, 1889 (Aves, Gruiformes): proposed conservation

Chiappe¹,

Soria²

1990

The Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The purpose of this appHcation is to conserve the name Phororhacos Ameghino, 1889, which has been widely used for a genus of fossil giant flightless birds from South America. The name was first published as Phorusrhacos Ameghino, 1887, based on a single bone then thought to be mammalian, but although this spelling did not appear again for 75 years and was rejected in 1968 as a nomen oblitum it has had extensive recent usage.1. In 1887 Ameghino (p. 24) proposed a new genus and species, Phorusrhacos longissimus, based on a fragmentary mandible found in Miocene deposits in southern Patagonia, Argentina (although Ameghino interpreted them as Eocene). He assumed the bone to be mammahan (Edentata, or anteaters, armadillos and sloths).2. In 1889 Ameghino (p. 659) emended the generic name to Phororhacos, and proposed a family phororhacosidae. The family name was corrected to phororhacidae by Lydekker (1893, p. 43) and this spelling was accepted by Ameghino and all subsequent workers.3. Ameghino (1891a, p. 255) realized that P. longissimus was a giant flightless bird.

show abstract

“…In addition, the small number of specialized researchers working in the field and the lack of osteological collections hinder, among other factors, the development of both paleornithology and systematics in Brazil (Alvarenga 1992). Despite this, in the last decades, we witnessed 21 extinct species being formally described from paleontological sites across the country, with the oldest records dating back to the early Cretaceous (Winge 1887;Ameghino 1891;Alvarenga 1982;1983;1985a;1985b;1990;Baird & Vickers-Rich 1997;Olson & Alvarenga 2002;Alvarenga & Guilherme 2003;Alvarenga & Olson 2004;Alvarenga et al 2008;Faure et al 2010;Mayr et al 2011a;Mayr et al 2011b;Carvalho et al 2015;2021). Material of Quaternary age was found in considerable number, such as the records from Bahia (e.g., Penido et al 2012), Piauí (e.g., Guérin et al 1996), and Minas Gerais (e.g., Souza Cunha & Guimarães 1978), but relatively little has been published on it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fossil Birds of Brazil

Nascimento¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

RESUMOA paleontologia de aves no Brasil é um campo de pesquisa ainda incipiente, a despeito de seu material relativamente abundante. Os vestígios são representados por ossos (fósseis e subfósseis), impressões de penas, ovos, coprólitos e icnofósseis, encontrados em todas as Regiões do país a partir da década de 1830. A revisão e a catalogação do histórico do estudo e de todos esses registros, com atualização de sua nomenclatura taxonômica, incluindo detalhamento do material, sinonímia, dados de deposição e inferências paleobiológicas, são importantes para fornecer um panorama de sua diversidade, além de oferecer subsídios para estudos filogenéticos, taxonômicos e biogeográficos. O levantamento da literatura resultou em 378 registros, representados pelos seguintes grupos: Maniraptora (penas) (70), Aves indet.

show abstract

Faunal Turnover in South American Fossil Avifaunas: The Insufficiencies of the Fossil Record

Abstract: 1174NOTES AND COMMENTS curate genealogies of up to 100 individuals on the basis of 10 loci and additional information such as age, mating system, and sibship size. ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe thank J, Bradbury, M. Gustin, P. Pamilo, and two anonymous reviewers for helpful suggestions.

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

Birds, body size and the threat of extinction

Birds, body size and the threat of extinction

Phororhacos Ameghino, 1889 (Aves, Gruiformes): proposed conservation

Fossil Birds of Brazil

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About