Faunal exploitation by Early Holocene hunter/gatherers on the Great Plains of North America: Evidence from the Clary Ranch sites

Hill, Matthew G.; May, David W.; Rapson, David J.; Boehm, Andrew R.; Otárola‐Castillo, Erik

doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2007.08.016

Cited by 14 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 48 publications

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“…The O.V. Clary site, an Allen campsite in Nebraska, also produced a u-shaped grooved abrader (Hill et al., 2008, 2011). Like Hell Gap, this specimen exhibits grooves on both faces.…”

Section: Grooved Abradersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cody Complex foragers and their use of grooved abraders in Great Plains and Rocky Mountains of North America

LaBelle

Newton

2020

North American Archaeologist

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Comparison of Late Paleoindian sites of the Great Plains and Rocky Mountains reveals 36 site components from 28 sites containing ground stone tools, including nine Cody Complex examples. Much of the ground stone use appears related to generalized activity, as few items have functionally specific forms. However, the Cody components have an unexpectedly higher number of grooved abraders as compared to other complexes. We note that Paleoindian examples contain wider u-shaped grooves compared to Late Prehistoric/Protohistoric abraders related to arrow production. We argue that Paleoindian abraders represent shaft abraders, used in the production of dart shafts within weaponry systems. We propose several hypotheses for the emergence of this technology during Cody times. The most parsimonious explanation is that the specific sites containing these abraders represent large camps, occupied for long periods and containing diverse chipped and ground stone assemblages.

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“…The O.V. Clary site, an Allen campsite in Nebraska, also produced a u-shaped grooved abrader (Hill et al., 2008, 2011). Like Hell Gap, this specimen exhibits grooves on both faces.…”

Section: Grooved Abradersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cody Complex foragers and their use of grooved abraders in Great Plains and Rocky Mountains of North America

LaBelle

Newton

2020

North American Archaeologist

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Foetal bison long bones and mortality season estimates at the early Holocene Casper and Horner II sites, North America

Breslawski

Playford

Johnston

2020

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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Foetal animal remains present the opportunity to investigate seasonal prey mortality in archaeological contexts. Mortality seasons may be inferred by adding a gestation age, as estimated from foetal skeletal growth curves, to a known conception period. For example, given an October conception period, the remains of a 6‐month‐old foetal animal suggest deposition in April. However, three problems complicate these investigations: (1) Conception periods in animal populations are generally not discrete windows or dates but rather distributions of events though a calendar year; (2) variation in foetal development implies that any given skeletal state corresponds to a range of gestation ages, and (3) evolutionary changes in a taxon's foetal growth may make modern growth curves poor analogues for past populations. We develop a probabilistic method to address the first two problems and partially address the third problem. The method is specific to early Holocene bison in North America (~10 000 to 8000 cal. BP), and we provide example applications: the Horner II Site, with one foetal humerus, and the Casper Site, with five foetal elements. Results for Horner II indicate that the foetal humerus is consistent with the fall or winter mortality season inferred from bison dentitions at the site, whereas results for Casper suggest a spring mortality event or events distinct from most of the site's adult bison specimens. This may reflect real seasonality variability at Casper, although methodological assumptions warrant caution for this interpretation; Future work should focus on testing these assumptions.

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Clary Ranch Locality, Nebraska

May,

Hill,

Rapson

2023

Encyclopedia of Geoarchaeology

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Faunal exploitation by Early Holocene hunter/gatherers on the Great Plains of North America: Evidence from the Clary Ranch sites

Cited by 14 publications

References 48 publications

Cody Complex foragers and their use of grooved abraders in Great Plains and Rocky Mountains of North America

Cody Complex foragers and their use of grooved abraders in Great Plains and Rocky Mountains of North America

Foetal bison long bones and mortality season estimates at the early Holocene Casper and Horner II sites, North America

Clary Ranch Locality, Nebraska

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