Fauna de flebotomíneos (Diptera: Psychodidae) de uma reserva de campina no Estado do Amazonas, e sua importância epidemiológica

Abstract

RESUMOIntrodução: No Brasil, a maior diversidade de flebotomíneos é encontrada na Região Amazônica, principalmente em floresta primária de terra-firme. No entanto, sua fauna ainda é pouco conhecida em outros ecossistemas desta região. Métodos: A fim de conhecer a fauna de flebotomíneos de outro ecossistema amazônico, coletas com armadilhas de luz CDC foram realizadas em uma área de campina/campinarana na zona periurbana da Cidade de Manaus. Resultados: foram capturados 814 flebotomíneos de 26 espécies, sendo as mais abundantes: Lutzomyia flaviscutellata (64,5%); Lutzomyia georgii (14%); Lutzomyia olmeca nociva (8,1%); Lutzomyia furcata (3,2%); Lutzomyia monstruosa (1,3%); Lutzomyia umbratilis (1,1%) outros (7,8%). Conclusões: Campina/campinarana revelou-se de grande importância epidemiológica devido a elevada abundância de Lutzomyia flaviscutellata e Lutzomyia olmeca nociva, ambas vetoras de Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis. Com base nestas informações, será possível traçar metas para estudos parasitológicos e conscientizar pesquisadores e estudantes, que mantém constante exposição nesta área realizando trabalhos de pesquisa, sobre o possível risco de contaminação por Leishmania. Palavras-chaves:Lutzomyia. Epidemiologia. Campina. Amazônia. ABSTRACTIntroduction: In Brazil, the largest diversity of phlebotomines is found in the Amazon region, particularly in undisturbed terra-firma forest. However, the phlebotomine fauna in other ecosystems of this region is still not well known. Methods: In order to investigate the phlebotomine fauna of another Amazon ecosystem, collections were made using CDC light traps in the campina/campinarana ecosystems in the periurban zone of the city of Manaus. Results: Eight hundred and fourteen phlebotomines of 26 species were captured, of which the most abundant were: Lutzomyia flaviscutellata (64.5%); Lutzomyia georgii (14%); Lutzomyia olmeca nociva (8.1%); Lutzomyia furcata (3.2%); Lutzomyia monstruosa (1.3%); Lutzomyia umbratilis (1.1%); and others (7.8%). Conclusions: The campina/campinarana ecosystems showed great epidemiological importance because of the high abundance of Lutzomyia flaviscutellata and Lutzomyia olmeca nociva, which are both vectors of Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis. Based on this information, it will be possible to outline goals for parasitological studies and raise awareness among researchers and students who are constantly exposed in these areas while conducting research work, regarding the possible risk of contamination by Leishmania.

Evaluating the Adaptation Process of Sandfly Fauna to Anthropized Environments in a Leishmaniasis Transmission Area in the Brazilian Amazon

“…The great majority of species identified (66.7%) had less than five individuals captured and 27.7% of the species had only one individual captured. Other studies showed a similar pattern; the phlebotomine fauna is composed of a few dominant species and a large number of species with few individuals ( Pessoa et al 2007 , Silva et al 2010 ).…”

Composition of sand fly fauna (Diptera: Psychodidae) and detection of Leishmania DNA (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) in different ecotopes from a rural settlement in the central Amazon, Brazil

“…amazonensis , causing cutaneous leishmaniasis, mucosal leishmaniasis and diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Amazon [ 43 ]. In a study carried out in a campinarana area in Manaus, it was the species with the highest density [ 44 ]. Our data showed low abundance of this vector (22 specimens), with only two specimens observed in the peridomicile, thus reducing the chance of human-vector contact and transmission.…”

Spatial analysis of american cutaneous leishmaniasis between 2007 and 2017 / Análise espacial da leishmaniose tegumentar americana entre 2007 e 2017

“…Therefore, they are preferably sheltered in places with higher humidity, abundance of organic decomposition and decreased incidence of light, in order to protect themselves from intense climate changes. 23 Since the beginning of the European colonization in Brazil, intense degradation of the fauna and flora occurs, with important alterations in the existing biomes in the national territory. 24 This exploration of the regions of the forest, either with the cutting of trees or, in a sustainable way, with the development of the ecotourism, that is common practice also in Paraíba, 25 which can be related to the findings of the present study, which reveals elevated incidence of ATL in the state, in specific localities and with intense tourist activity.…”