Fault zone structures and strain localization in clinoptilolite-tuff (Nižný Hrabovec, Slovak Republic)

Tschegg, Cornelius; Hou, Zhaoliang; Rice, A. H. N.; Fendrych, Joachim; Matiasek, Elisabeth; Berger, Thomas; Grasemann, Bernhard

doi:10.1016/j.jsg.2020.104090

Cited by 19 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Thus, we consider that blocky calcites in the PSZ of S1 and jigsaw‐textured calcite veins near the PSZ (Figures 6a, 7h and 7i) were likely formed during past coseismic events along the PSZ. Dendritic or skeletal microlites and the aggregates of numerous Fe‐oxides are usually observed in both natural and artificial frictional melt, such as pseudotachylyte, which is formed by rapid quenching (Kirkpatrick & Rowe, 2013; Lin, 2007; Nakamura et al., 2002). We emphasize that the clasts in the PSZ of S1 that exhibit these features (Figures 7d and 7e) may suggest past rapid slip with frictional melting along the PSZ or its boundary with wall rocks. Microscope‐based studies of the localized slip zones of seismogenic faults (Boullier et al., 2009; Rempe et al., 2014; Smith et al., 2011; Tschegg et al., 2020; War & Cox, 2001) and the basal zones of large landslides (Anders et al., 2010; Beutner & Gerbi, 2005) have reported the presence of CCAs. Studies involving laboratory experiments using smectite and other clay‐rich gouges from active faults (e.g., Boutareaud et al., 2008, 2010) have concluded that the CCAs were formed under low normal stresses at seismic slip rates (<0.6 MPa and 0.09 m/s).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Long‐Term Weakening Processes and Short‐Term Seismic Slip Behavior of an Intraplate Mature Fault Zone: A Case Study of the Yangsan Fault, SE Korea

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An intraplate tectonic fault evolves with repeated seismic cycles that may exhibit multi‐mode slip behaviors (continuous aseismic sliding, slow slip with silent earthquakes, and earthquakes resulting from stick‐slip frictional instability). Here, we show long‐term (geological time scale) fault zone weakening processes and short‐term (seismic cycle scale) fault behavior of the Yangsan Fault, SE Korea, based on structural and mineralogical observations of an across‐strike fault zone sequence retrieved by inclined borehole drilling. Since the Late Cretaceous, physical and chemical weakening processes have formed a wide and complex fault zone characterized by interconnected clay‐rich fault core strands and fractured lenses. The deformation is more concentrated in the eastern block (Cretaceous sedimentary rock with felsic dikes) of the fault zone than in the western block (Paleogene granite) of the fault zone. The asymmetrical deformation pattern is controlled by the distinct properties of the different host rocks and differential fluid‐assisted reaction softening involving hydrothermal processes. Of the five main strands and numerous subsidiary strands in the wide fault zone, strand S1 between the sedimentary rock and granite has accommodated the largest displacements. In particular, the smectite‐rich, <2‐cm‐wide principal slip zone within S1 has acted as the major pathway for past seismic slip. Our findings consider that slow deformation in the sedimentary rocks formed the asymmetrical wide fault zone over long geological time, whereas that the preferential propagation of repeated seismic slip events propagated preferentially along the narrow principal slip zone of S1.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Long‐Term Weakening Processes and Short‐Term Seismic Slip Behavior of an Intraplate Mature Fault Zone: A Case Study of the Yangsan Fault, SE Korea

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In order to carry out a profound analysis of the fine-grained clinoptilolite, the host rocks from Slovakian and Ukrainian mines were also examined. Petrogenesis of the studied tuffs is associated with a volcanic ash sedimentation in a marine environment, whereas occurrence of the clinoptilolite mineralization in tuffs is the result of the latter hydrothermal processes [46].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Mineral Composition and Structural Characterization of the Clinoptilolite Powders Obtained from Zeolite-Rich Tuffs

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Clinoptilolite is a precious zeolite mineral that has the most comprehensive physicochemical properties among all the zeolite group minerals. Due to these unique properties, clinoptilolite has a wide range of applications in many different industries. In Poland, the clinoptilolite occurs only as an accompanying mineral in the sedimentary rocks nearby Rzeszów. In Europe, the abundant clinoptilolite-bearing deposits are located in Slovakia and Ukraine, where clinoptilolite mineralization occurs in the volcanic tuffs. Due to clinoptilolite’s rare performance, it is extremely crucial to manage its deposits in a complementary manner. In this paper, the mineralogical and structural characterization of the clinoptilolite powders obtained by mineral processing of the clinoptilolite-rich tuffs from Slovakia and Ukraine deposits were discussed. The scope of research covered determination of the mineral composition of the tuffs, structural analysis of the clinoptilolite crystals, as well as textural and physical properties of the powders obtained by mineral processing of the tuffs. In addition, this paper includes the comparative study of the most significant zeolite deposits in the world and investigated clinoptilolite-rich tuffs. A wide spectrum of methods was used: X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), thermal analysis (DSC, TG), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), optical microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM-EDS), the laser diffraction technique, and low-temperature nitrogen adsorption/desorption. The test results indicated that the major component of the tuffs is clinoptilolite, which crystallized in the form of very fine-crystalline thin plates. The clinoptilolite mineralization in the Ukrainian and Slovakian tuffs exhibited a strong resemblance to the clinoptilolite crystals in Yemeni and Turkish tuffs. With respect to the mineral composition, the investigated tuffs showed excellent conformity with the Miocene white tuffs from Romania. The Ukrainian and Slovakian tuffs do not reveal the presence of the clay minerals, which is quite common for naturally occurring zeolite-rich rocks in various deposits in the world. The textural features together with mineral composition of the investigated samples incline that they are potentially suitable raw materials for the sorbent of petroleum compounds. Moreover, the obtained results can be useful indicators with respect to the crushing and compaction susceptibility of the Ukrainian and Slovakian clinoptilolite-rich tuffs.

show abstract

“…G-PUR is marketed in the United States as a dietary supplement. It is a purified clinoptilolite-tuff, prepared from a high-grade raw material, sourced from a mine in the eastern Slovak Republic 34 , 35 . The content of clinoptilolite in the purified product that was processed from the raw material is > 75%.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concomitant oral intake of purified clinoptilolite tuff (G-PUR) reduces enteral lead uptake in healthy humans

Samekova

Firbas

Irrgeher

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lead exposure can cause substantial organ damage. Enteral lead absorption may be reduced by concomitant intake of clinoptilolite tuff, a zeolite from natural sources. This study aimed to assess the effect of purified clinoptilolite tuff (G-PUR) on enteral lead uptake in adults using stable lead isotope 204Pb as a tracer. In this randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group study, 42 healthy participants were randomized to receive oral G-PUR 2.0 g, 2 * 2.0 g, or placebo, together with 2.5 µg of 204Pb in water. The enrichment of 204Pb caused by the tracer in blood and urine was measured by mass spectrometry. G-PUR was well tolerated. The mean maximum 204Pb enrichment of 0.505% of total blood lead was significantly higher (p < 0.0001) in the placebo group compared to G-PUR 2.0 g (0.073%) or G-PUR 2 * 2.0 g (0.057%) group. Normalized 204Pb AUC0-192 was 86.5, 11.9, and 8.5% * h without and with G-PUR 2.0 g, and G-PUR 2 * 2.0 g, respectively (p < 0.0001 vs. placebo). This smaller 204Pb exposure was paralleled by a reduced urinary excretion in subjects receiving G-PUR. Concomitant oral intake of purified clinoptilolite tuff reduced enteral uptake of 204Pb in healthy humans by approximately 90%. The reduced bioavailability is demonstrable by a decrease of 204Pb tracer enrichment in blood and urine.Trial registration: clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT04138693, registered 24/10/2019.

show abstract

Fault zone structures and strain localization in clinoptilolite-tuff (Nižný Hrabovec, Slovak Republic)

Cited by 19 publications

References 44 publications

Long‐Term Weakening Processes and Short‐Term Seismic Slip Behavior of an Intraplate Mature Fault Zone: A Case Study of the Yangsan Fault, SE Korea

Long‐Term Weakening Processes and Short‐Term Seismic Slip Behavior of an Intraplate Mature Fault Zone: A Case Study of the Yangsan Fault, SE Korea

Mineral Composition and Structural Characterization of the Clinoptilolite Powders Obtained from Zeolite-Rich Tuffs

Concomitant oral intake of purified clinoptilolite tuff (G-PUR) reduces enteral lead uptake in healthy humans

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About