Fault-Tolerant Topology of Agricultural Wireless Sensor Networks Based on a Double Price Function

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) enable the acquisition of multisource environmental data and crop states in precision agriculture. However, the complex agricultural environment causes the WSN topology to change frequently and link connection probability is difficult to predict. In order to improve the utilization of network resources and balance the network energy consumption, this paper studies an agricultural fault-tolerant topology construction method based on the potential game and cut vertex detection. Considering the connectivity redundancy, node lifetime, and residual energy, a fault-tolerant topology algorithm for agricultural WSN based on a double price function is designed. The network is clustered according to the node location and residual energy to form a single-hop effective cluster. Based on the network cluster, the price function is constructed in order to reduce energy consumption and balance network energy efficiency. The initial transmit power set supporting inter-cluster communication is obtained by potential game theory. While preserving the game characteristics of topology, the redundant links are eliminated and the transmit power is adjusted by a cut vertex detection algorithm to realize the construction of a 2-connected cluster head network. Simulation results show that the network topology constructed by the studied algorithm can balance the energy consumption and prolong the network lifetime effectively.

Enhancing Smart Agriculture Monitoring via Connectivity Management Scheme and Dynamic Clustering Strategy

“…In [34], the game algorithm was employed to design a fault-tolerant topology control scheme for underwater WSNs by reducing unnecessary links and energy consumption. In [37], clustering was combined with fault tolerance to reduce energy consumption by applying fault tolerance to inter-cluster links. Fault tolerance and clustering were integrated in [38], using particle swarm optimization (PSO) to connect the members of a failed cluster to the new cluster head.…”

An Enhanced Mechanism for Fault Tolerance in Agricultural Wireless Sensor Networks

“…In the case of failure of the CH, the BCH will continue the task of the failed CH. In [40], Wu et al provided a potential game and the cut vertex detection mechanism, which are utilized to establish a fault-tolerant topology which consists of a set of single hop clusters. The main objective was to reduce the energy consumption of the network.…”

Smart Preventive Maintenance of Hybrid Networks and IoT Systems Using Software Sensing and Future State Prediction

“…Many of the techniques applied for improving early fault detection and preventive maintenance are reviewed and analyzed together [35,36]. The authors conclude that "These monitoring tools can be used for achieving the goal of high performance and reliable networks as they are capable of analyzing the resources for configuring the network problems and alert the administrator if any network issue occurs".…”