Fault Location Method for Three-Terminal Lines in Distribution Network Based on Line Voltage Measured by μMPMU

Fault location method based on structure‐preserving state estimation for distribution networks

“…In addition, by replacing the faulted network topology equation with the unified faulted network topology model, the uncertainty of fault distance, fault types and transition resistance (Z f ) are reflected in the differences of the values of the introduced variables faulted network, the SE model of the line AB faulted network topology can be formulated as (21) where H θ represents the physical law constraints between the operating state variables brought by the network topology, which is formulated by the Equations ( 16), ( 17) and (20).…”

“…The data anomaly resistance capability c is described as the ratio of the test cases of successful fault section line locations (N B ) to the total tests (N T ) with given numbers of bad data, as shown in Equation (21). For example, for the situation in which there is a single bad data point and 100 tests are run, if 90 successful identifications can be performed, the bad data resistance capability can be quantified as 0.9, indicating that the system has strong robustness to a single bad data situation.…”

“…Due to the short length of DNs, the shunt capacitance can be neglected [21]. Therefore, for a line section AB with impedance Z AB , according to the Kirchhoff law, we have $$\begin{equation}\left\{ { \def\eqcellsep{&}\begin{array}{@{}*{1}{c}@{}} {0 = \mathop {{U_{b1}}}\limits^ \bullet - \mathop {{U_{b2}}}\limits^ \bullet - {Z_{b12}} \times \mathop {{I_{b1}}}\limits^ \bullet }\\[9pt] {0 = \mathop {{I_{b1}}}\limits^ \bullet - \mathop {{I_{b2}}}\limits^ \bullet } \end{array} } \right.\end{equation}$$…”

“…Due to the short length of DNs, the shunt capacitance can be neglected [21]. Therefore, for a line section AB with impedance Z AB , according to the Kirchhoff law, we have (6) where • U b1 and • U b2 represent the voltages of bus 1 and the bus 2, respectively, R b12 and X b12 represent the resistance and the inductance, respectively, of the line between bus 1 and bus 2 and • I b1 and • I b2 are the currents in the line measured from the bus 1 side an bus 2 side, respectively.…”

“…One is to enhance the traditional location algorithm performance by combining PMU measurement data. The reference [21] develops a new impedance-based fault location algorithm for three terminal lines in distribution network with the help of line voltage measured by PMU. A new method based on the convolutional neural network is proposed that uses recorded voltage and current of PMUs to train the neural network [22].…”