Fault diagnosis in nonlinear chemical processes. Part I. Theory

Abstract

NOTATION= particle surface area, m2 = drag coefficient = nozzle diameter, m = particle diameter, m = heat transfer coefficient, W/cm2.K = particle mass, kg = Nusselt number, hdp/E = net heat flow to the particle, Eq. 7, W = distance in the radial direction, m m = Reynolds number [Ffl U p , -Ufldp/&] = time, s = ambient temperature, K = field temperature = particle temperature, K = axial fluid velocity, m/s = axial particle velocity, m/s = radial particle injection velocity, m/s = mass fraction of the particle in the liquid state = distance in the axial direction, m m = geometric standard deviation of the powder size = fluid density, kg/m3 = particle density, kg/m3 = fluid viscosity, kg/m-s = particle emissivity = Stefan-Boltzman constant = laten heat of fusion, J/kg = laten heat of vaporization, J/kg LITERATURE CITEDBoulos, M. I., "Heating of powders in the fire-ball of an induction plasma," IEEE Trans. on Plasma Sc., 4,93 (1978). Boulos, M.

Papillary Carcinoma of the Thyroid Arising from Dyshormonogenetic Goiter.

“…However, according to their strict criteria on the basis of the demonstration of definite vascular invasion, local aggressive growth, or metastasis, only six cases were accepted unequivocally to be thyroid malignancy. Watanabe(1983) reviewed 22 cases of thyroid malignancy occurring in association with dyshormonogenetic goiter and added one case of follicular carcinoma which he experienced. The case reported by Watanabe was the first unequivocal case in Japan, in which a postoperative 131 I whole-body scan revealed abnormal isotope uptake in both the right femur and the right tibia, and results of bone biopsies were consistent with metastatic follicular carcinoma.…”

“…The case reported by Watanabe was the first unequivocal case in Japan, in which a postoperative 131 I whole-body scan revealed abnormal isotope uptake in both the right femur and the right tibia, and results of bone biopsies were consistent with metastatic follicular carcinoma. The results of these proven cases are summarized in Table 1 on the basis of Cooper's criteria(Elman, 1958;Stanbury and Vickery, 1962;Crooks et al, 1963;Medeiros-Neto and Oliveira, 1970;Cooper et al, 1981;Watanabe, 1983).…”

Fault diagnosis of batch processes using discriminant model

“…Kim relies on mathematical models of the process such as extended Kalman filter (Watanabe and Himmelblau 1983), state observer (Frank 1990), or parity equation (Chow and Willsky 1984). The causal model-based approach utilizes causal relationships among process variables via signed directed graph (SDG) (Iri et al 1979) or possible cause and effect graph (PCEG) (Wilcox and Himmelblau 1994).…”

High Order Neural Networks for Simultaneous Diagnosis of Multiple Faults in Rotating Machines

“…In recent years, more and more attention has been given to the theory, method and strategy of fault diagnosis for large-scale rotating machines, and quantitative methods have been proposed, such as statistical pattern classification methods [1], system identification-based parameter model methods [2], and so on. These methods always need complicate models and extensive calculation.…”