“…The knowledge-based approach uses various graphical models for diagnostic knowledge representation and infer, for example, fault tree [8], signed directed graph [9], Petri net [10], Bayesian network [11][12][13] and signal-flow graph [14,15], etc. The datadriven approach is preferred when the system monitoring data is available, and various artificial intelligent (AI) methods (e.g., neural network [16], support vector machine [17,18], fuzzy set [19], rough set [20]) are illustrative of data-driven techniques.…”