“…Consider the nonlinear discrete-time system (1) with unmodeled dynamics. On the compact sets Ω z i , i = 1, … , n, and under Assumption 1, the virtual controllers are given by (38) and (49), the actual controller is designed as (59), and the update laws are shown as (35), (45), (56), and (65). If the design parameters are chosen appropriately, and the convergence factor is chosen as…”