Fatty acids of long chain length in baltic herring lipids

Abstract

The component fatty acids with carbon numbers exceeding 22 in flesh lipids of Baltic herring caught in May and September 1967 in the Turku archipelago have been studied. The total lipid content of the flesh of the herring was 3.5% on average in May and 7.2% on average in September. The fatty acids in the lipids were converted to methyl esters which were resolved and analyzed by urea adduct fractionation, thin layer chromatography and programmed temperature gas liquid chromatography (GLC). The lipids of the herring caught in May were found to contain 15 fatty acids with 24–32 carbon atoms, whereas the lipids of the herring caught in September were found to contain only nine fatty acids with 24–28 carbon atoms. The differences are probably due to nutritional factors. The long chain fatty acids in the lipids of the herring caught in September were isolated by preparative GLC and their structures were studied by UV spectroscopy before and after alkali isomerization, by IR spectroscopy and by GLC of their ozonization products. The identified acids were tetracosanoic, 15‐tetracosenoic, 12,15,18,21‐tetracosatetraenoic, 9,12,15,18,21‐tetracosapentaenoic, 6,9,12,15,18,21‐tetracosahexaenoic, 17‐hexacosenoic, 11,14,17,20,23‐hexacosapentaenoic, 8,11,14,17,20,23‐hexacosahexaenoic and 4,7,10,13,16,19,22‐octacosaheptaenoic acids. The proportion of the fatty acids containing over 22 carbon atoms in the lipids of fall herring is much higher than has been found earlier in the lipids of marine teleost fish; the reason may be due at least partly to differences in analytical methods.

A Comparison of the Lipid-lowering Effects of Four Different n-3 Highly Unsaturated Fatty Acids in HepG2 Cells

“…In particular, the increase in blood adiponectin levels was the lowest in the EPA treatment group and the highest in the DHA treatment group; therefore, DHA is thought to be the most effective n-3HUFA for the suppression of metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and atherosclerotic progression. Tetracosapentaenoic acid THA, 24:6n-3 is an n-3HUFA that is also found in fishes, including the Baltic herring Clupea harengus 13 , and flathead flounder Hippoglossoides dubius 14 . THA is also found in the brittle star Amphiura elandiformis 15 and in jellyfish Aurelaia sp.…”

Occurrence of Hexacosapolyenoic Acids 26:7(n‐3), 26:6(n‐3), 26:6(n‐6) and 26:5(n‐3) in Deep‐Sea Brittle Stars from Near the Kuril Islands

“…1) exhibited a molecular ion at m/z 435. The presence of 12 unit intervals at m/z 180-192, 220-232, 260-272, 300-312, 340-352 and 380-392 revealed the positions of double bonds at 8,11,14,17,20 and 23 carbon atoms. The position of a double bond at Δ5 showed a characteristic peak at m/z 153 (Fig.…”

“…[7]. Only limited data are available pertaining to the presence of FA with 26 carbon atoms in marine animals [8][9][10][11][12][13]. In a comparative investigation of lipids in symbiotic and nonsymbiotic brittle stars, McKenzie et al [11] found a series of PUFA with 24 and 26 carbon atoms.…”

Occurrence of all-cis-5,8,11,14,17,20,23-hexacosaheptaenoic acid (26:7n-3) in roughscale sole Clidoderma asperrimum flesh lipids

“…Aquatic organisms also contain VLCPUFA [13]. Baltic herring include those up to C28 [14][15][16], some of which are represented in the fatty acids of the predatory ringed seal [17]. Bottom-living flathead flounder is rich in 24:6n-3 [18,19], which presumably originated from their diet of brittle star [20][21][22].…”