Fatty acids composition of inner mitochondrial membrane of rat cardiomyocytes and hepatocytes during hypoxia-hypercapnia

Abstract

We studied the influence of hypoxic-hypercapnic environment under the effect of hypothermia (artificial hibernation) C hemical composition of phospholipids that are structural components of cell membranes plays an important role in their functioning and various processes in cells. In particular, saturated fatty acids (SFAs) are the main energy substrate for cardiomyocytes. Unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs), due to their ability to increase the degree of unsaturation in phospholipid acyl chains and reduce microviscosity of cellular membranes, are very important in the regulation of membrane permeability and functioning of membrane-bound proteins. In addition, certain UFAs are precursors of physiologically active substances, such as eicosanoids [1].Modification of lipid composition, affecting the intensity of metabolism, acts as a compensatory mechanism that provides functionality of membrane under various conditions. Particularly, changes in ambient temperature, hypoxia, etc. lead to certain shifts in the composition of eukaryotic membrane lipids [2,3]. The study of animal adaptations to different environmental conditions remains current issue of theoretical and practical biology.Non-hibernating mammals influenced by hypothermia in hypoxic-hypercapnic gaseous medium fall into so-called cold narcosis or artificial hibernation state. This results in reduction of metabolic rate along with changes in bioenergetic processes in tissues and mitochondria [4,5].The main suppliers of energy stored in the form of ATP in eukaryotic cells are mitochondria. Their functional activity is provided by the inner membrane which contains components of the electron transport chain and ATP synthase that are needed to transform the energy of electrons transfer for ATP synthesis. This energy is crucial for specific cellular functions, including response formation to external stimuli [6]. The matter of particular interest is the study of the role of lipids in mitochondrial membranes adaptation to extreme conditions. Due to the changes in concentration and ratio of fatty acids, lipid composition of membranes undergoes reorganization, creating optimal conditions for preserving functional activity of intracellular organelles in particular and cells in general [7].The studies of temperature adaptation of homeotherms indicate the regulatory role of lipids in hibernation. However, natural and artificial hibernation affect the lipid composition of cell membranes of mammals in different ways [8]. In addition, existing data on the effects of low temperatures or artificial hibernation on the chemical composition of lipids in mammals tissues are uncertain.

Suppression of FADS1 induces ROS generation, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in melanocytes: implications for vitiligo

“…Among the DEGs detected, we focused on FADS1, a key enzyme in the synthesis of LC-PUFAs [10]. GO and KEGG analyses confirmed the involvement of FADS1 in fatty acid metabolism, including long-chain fatty acid metabolic processing, which is essential for functional activity in mitochondria [18]. In addition, PUFA could regulate mitochondrial membrane structure and function [19].…”

“…Several mechanisms related to mitochondrial dysfunction have been proposed to explain the degeneration of melanocytes in vitiligo, including altered expression of electron transport chain proteins and altered transmembrane distribution of cardiolipin [18]. The mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) regulates the uncoupling effect that high fatty acid levels have on oxidative phosphorylation, and its disruption is associated with enhanced ROS generation and oxidative stress [22][23][24].…”

The content of fatty acids in the bodies of Cyprinus carpio L. in different conditions of life

“…З урахуванням різноманітних функцій жирних кислот в організмі, в тому числі їх за-лучення у процеси реактивності організму під впливом чинників довкілля [5,7,15], дослі-дження жирнокислотного профілю в органах у риб, які перебувають в гіпобіотичному стані, є перспективними та актуальними.…”

Fatty acid profile of the liver lipids under acute fungicide action and intake of a biologically active preparation in rats

“…Lipid composition plays an important role in controlling the direction and functioning of various cellular processes. Moreover, modification of lipid FAs profile can accompany and characteri ze the effect of exogenous factors on organism [6], including pesticides [7]. On the other hand, the study of the possibility of regulating the FAs profile of rat liver lipids under the influence of pesticides in combination with a biologically active preparation contributes to the correction of metabolic abnormalities, which is important in the development of a set of measures to prevent the negative impact of pesticides on public health.…”