Fatty acids and triacylglycerols in the seed oils of Saudi Arabian date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) palms

Abstract

Summary Total lipids, fatty acids and triacylglycerols in seeds of the four Saudi Arabian date cultivars ‘Anbra’, ‘Megadwel’, ‘Sacai’ and ‘Sfwai’ were analysed. Total lipid contents ranged between 7.3 and 8.6%. Oleic, lauric and myristic acid represented the most abundant fatty acids in date seed oil. HPLC‐DAD‐ESI‐MSn analysis enabled the identification of 40 triacylglycerols with equivalent carbon number (ECN) 36–54, of which 17 were detected for the first time. Triacylglycerols mainly comprised LaOL, LaLaL, LaML, MML/LaPL and LaOO. ‘Anbra’ oil was characterised by highest proportions of saturated fatty acids and triacylglycerols with ECN 36 and 48–54. Unsaturated fatty acids prevailed in the three remaining varieties. Elevated proportions of triacylglycerols with medium ECNs were found in ‘Megadwel’ and ‘Sfwai’ oils. Aside from highest total lipid contents, ‘Sacai’ seeds predominantly contained triacylglycerols with low ECNs. Multivariate statistical analyses elucidated varietal influences on the fatty acid and triacylglycerol composition of date seed oil.

Seed oil content and fatty acid profiles of endemic Phoenix theophrasti Greuter, Phoenix roebelenii O’Brien, Phoenix caneriensis Hort. Ex Chabaud, and Phoenix dactylifera L. grown in the same locality in Turkey

“…Besides, the results of the dominant fatty acids were in line with the literature for P. dactylifera (Devshony et al, 1992;Al-Shahib and Marshall, 2003;Akbari et al, 2012;Lieb et al, 2020) and P. caneriensis (Nehdi et al, 2010;2011). Although the findings of this study differed from the study of Liolios et al (2009), which is the sole investigation made into the fatty acid composition of P. theophrasti, they were similar to other Phoenix species' results, as expected.…”

“…The findings of P. dactylifera were in accordance with Devshony et al, (1992); Al-Shahib and Marshall (2003); Akbari et al, (2012) and Lieb et al, (2020). In additions our findings show similarities in terms of total fat in P. caneriensis (Nehdi et al, 2010;2011) with small deviations.…”

“…In line with that, the determination of the seed fatty acids composition of the species of Phoenix is also necessary. Resulting from its economic and nutritional dominance among others, P. dactylifera is the most investigated species (Devshony et al, 1992;Nehdi et al, 2010;Akbari et al, 2012;Rivera et al, 2019;Lieb et al, 2020). On the other hand, the number of studies on P. theophrasti is insufficient.…”

Studies on Allamanda cathartica Seed Oil: A Novel Source of Plant Oil Substitute for Industrial Processing

“…The physicochemical properties of the extracted oil for specific gravity and refractive index were determined in line with the methods described by AOAC [16] while the other physicochemical properties were determined by the methods described by Tsado et al [5]. The crude oil was methylated using the method describe by Lieb et al [17] while the fatty acid methyl esters were analyzed following the method described by Ardabili et al [18]. The antioxidant activity for phenolic content was measured with Folin-Ciocalteu reagent as described by Yu et al [19], the free radical scavenging activity measured by 2,2 Diphenyl picryl-1-hydrazyl (DPPH) was done using the method highlighted by Shivani et al [20] while the FRAP was analyzed using the method of Hinneburg et al [21].…”

Date fruit: a review of the chemical and nutritional compounds, functional effects and food application in nutrition bars for athletes

“…Lipids are mainly concentrated in the skin and have a higher importance in the protection of the fruit as opposed to contributing to the nutritional value of the date flesh. Seeds usually contain more lipids than the flesh and may reach approximately 8.49% on a fresh weight basis (Lieb et al ., 2020; Sulieman, Elhafise, Itimad, & Abdelrahim, 2012). The date flesh and seed contain saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.…”