Fatty acids and sterols of the tunicate, Salpa thompsoni, from the antarctic ocean : Chemical composition and hemolytic activity.

Matsui, Tsutomu; Okabe, Masaru; Satake, Mikio; Nakanishi, Tsutomu; Inada, Akira; Fujimoto, Yoshinori; Hata, Fumiko; Matsumura, Yasuko; Ikekawa, Nobuo

doi:10.1248/cpb.34.4562

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Similarly, to the polyketide isolated from Synoicum adareanum, palmerolide A, which presented no cytotoxicity against several cell lines, in our study the macrophages RAW 264.7 were not affected by the different concentrations of the extracts tested (Diyabalanage et al, 2006). Likewise, several polyunsaturated acids with hemolytic activity have been isolated from individuals of Salpa thompsoni (Mimura et al, 1986).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Anti-inflammatory activity in selected Antarctic benthic organisms

et al. 2014

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Antarctic benthos was prospected in search for anti-inflammatory activity in polar benthic invertebrates, in two different geographical areas: deep-bottoms of the Eastern Weddell Sea and shallow-waters of the South Shetland Islands. A total of 36 benthic algae and invertebrate species were selected to perform solubility tests in order to obtain extracts that were soluble at an innocuous ethanol concentration (0.2%) for cell culture, and further test them for anti-inflammatory activity. From these, ethanol extracts of ten species from five different phyla resulted suitable to be studied in cell macrophage cultures (RAW 264.7). Cytotoxicity (MTT method) and production of inflammatory mediators (prostaglandin E 2 , leukotriene B 4 , interleukin-1β) were determined at three extract concentrations (50, 125, 250 μg/mL). Bioassays resulted in four different species showing anti-inflammatory activity corresponding to three sponges: Mycale (Oxymycale) acerata, Isodictya erinacea, and I. toxophila; and one hemichordate: Cephalodiscus sp. These results show that Antarctic sessile invertebrates may have great value as a source of lead compounds with potential pharmaceutical applications.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Anti-inflammatory activity in selected Antarctic benthic organisms

et al. 2014

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“…Salps are an important component of the Southern Ocean food webs. Several polyunsaturated acids with hemolytic activity have been isolated from individuals of Salpa thompsoni (Mimura et al. 1986).…”

Section: Tunicatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antarctic marine chemical ecology: what is next?

2008

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Antarctic ecosystems are exposed to unique environmental characteristics resulting in communities structured both by biotic interactions such as predation and competition, as well as abiotic factors such as seasonality and ice‐scouring. It is important to understand how ecological factors may trigger chemical mechanisms in marine Antarctic organisms as a response for survival. However, very little is known yet about the evolution of chemical compounds in Antarctic organisms. Investigations in chemical ecology have demonstrated over the last several years that defensive metabolites have evolved in numerous representative Antarctic species. This contradicts earlier theories concerning biogeographic variation in predation and chemical defenses. As reviewed here, a number of interesting natural products have been isolated from Antarctic organisms. However, we believe many more are still to be discovered. Currently, many groups such as microorganisms, planktonic organisms and deep‐sea fauna remain almost totally unknown regarding their natural products. Furthermore, for many described compounds, ecological roles have yet to be evaluated. In fact, much of the research carried out to date has been conducted in the laboratory, and only in a few cases in an ecologically relevant context. Therefore, there is a need to extend the experiments to the field, as done in tropical and temperate marine ecosystems, or at least, to test the activity of the chemicals in natural conditions and ecologically meaningful interactions. Defense against predators is always one of the main topics when talking about the roles of natural products in species interactions, but many other interesting aspects, such as competition, chemoattraction, fouling avoidance and ultraviolet (UV) protection, also deserve further attention. In our opinion, challenging future developments are to be expected for Antarctic marine chemical ecology in the years to come.

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“…The edible ascidian Halocynthia roretzi, very popular in Japan and Korea, also has been studied (2)(3)(4). Several studies of phospholipids of pelagic tunicates (i.e., gelatinous zooplankton) also have been undertaken (5)(6)(7). All species studied were shown to contain 22 to 32% saturated FA in their phospholipid fraction.…”

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confidence: 99%

Phospholipid FA from indian ocean tunicates Eudistoma bituminis and Cystodytes violatinctus

Viracaoundin¹,

Barnathan

Gaydou

et al. 2003

Lipids

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Two tunicates (Eudistoma bituminis and Cystodytes violatinctus, family Polycitoridae) were investigated for the FA content of their phospholipids. GC-MS analysis of their methyl esters and N-acyl pyrrolidides revealed 40 FA in E. bituminis, and 26 in C. violatinctus. In both cases, the most abundant FA were the saturated ones (C10 to C18). Cystodytes violatinctus contained considerable oleic acid (20%). Both E. bituminis and C. violatinctus contained phytanic acid and delta10-unsaturated FA, which had not previously been found in such organisms. The two tropical tunicates contained only trace amounts of PUFA, which are usually predominant in this phylum.

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Fatty acids and sterols of the tunicate, Salpa thompsoni, from the antarctic ocean : Chemical composition and hemolytic activity.

Cited by 18 publications

References 1 publication

Anti-inflammatory activity in selected Antarctic benthic organisms

Anti-inflammatory activity in selected Antarctic benthic organisms

Antarctic marine chemical ecology: what is next?

Phospholipid FA from indian ocean tunicates Eudistoma bituminis and Cystodytes violatinctus

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