Fatty acid synthesis and generation of glycerol-3-phosphate in brown adipose tissue from rats fed a cafeteria diet

Chaves, Valéria Ernestânia; Frasson, Danúbia; Martins-Santos, M. E. S.; Navegantes, Luiz Carlos Carvalho; Galban, V D; Garófalo, Maria Antonieta Rissato; Kettelhut, Ísis C.; Migliorini, R H

doi:10.1139/y08-052

Cited by 17 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Nevertheless, several previous experiments using similar cafeteria diets over the same time period as in our experiment documented 30–40% increases in daily energy intake compared with rats on regular chow 36, 37 . In addition, the elevations in body weight, WAT, and IBAT observed in the current study were very similar to those, over identical time periods, in the same published studies 36, 37 . A final limitation was that we recorded SNA only from the lumbar nerve, which sends sympathetic signals to muscle and skin vasculature in the hindlimb of the rat.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Cafeteria Diet Increases Fat Mass and Chronically Elevates Lumbar Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Rats

et al. 2012

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Obesity causes sympathetic activation that promotes atherosclerosis, end-organ damage, and hypertension. Because high-fat induced weight gain in rats elevates plasma leptin at 1–3 days following onset of calorie dense diets, we hypothesized that diet-induced overfeeding will increase sympathetic activity within one week following onset of the regimen. To test this, we continuously measured sympathetic activity and blood pressure before and during the onset of diet-induced obesity using a high calorie cafeteria-style diet. Female Wistar rats, in which radiotelemeters had been implanted for continuous monitoring of lumbar sympathetic activity, mean arterial pressure, and heart rate, were randomly assigned to groups that received regular chow (control) or a cafeteria diet for a period of 15 days. This short-term cafeteria-feeding regimen caused modest but non-significant increases in body weight (P = 0.07) and a doubling of brown and white adipose tissue (P < 0.01). The increases in fat mass were accompanied by elevations in plasma leptin (P < 0.001) but no change in glucose. Overall heart rates and blood pressure were higher in cafeteria rats compared with controls (P < 0.05). Cafeteria diet-induced weight gain caused increases in lumbar sympathetic nerve activity that became significant by the 12th day of the diet (p < 0.001). These data show, for the first time, that the high-fat cafeteria-style diet stimulates sustained increases in lumbar sympathetic neural drive in rats.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Cafeteria Diet Increases Fat Mass and Chronically Elevates Lumbar Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Rats

et al. 2012

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“…CAF refers to free access to different foods of the human diet, palatable and high energetic, inducing obesity due to an excessive intake of energy . Earlier studies by our group showed that CAF induces body adiposity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and increases de novo fatty acid synthesis in the liver and in white and brown adipose tissues . CAF also increases serum insulin levels and activates the sympathetic flux to white and brown adipose tissue, but not to the liver …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…The CAF‐fed rats’ daily energy intake was around 40% greater (293 ± 13 vs 209 ± 4 kJ·100 g/bw −1 /d −1 ) than the control. In CAF‐fed rats, protein corresponded to 15% ± 1%, carbohydrate 65% ± 1%, and lipid 20% ± 1% of the total energy input, while control rats were fed 25%, 63%, and 12%, respectively . Body weight was consistently measured at fixed intervals.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the effect of cafeteria diet on the kidney Na,K‐ATPase activity, and oxidative stress

Pinheiro

Melo

Sousa

et al. 2019

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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In this study, renal tissue, subdivided into the cortex and medulla of Wistar rats subjected to a cafeteria diet (CAF) for 24 days or to normal diet, was used to analyze whether the renal enzyme Na,K‐ATPase activity was modified by CAF diet, as well as to analyze the α1 subunit of renal Na,K‐ATPase expression levels. The lipid profile of the renal plasma membrane and oxidative stress were verified. In the Na,K‐ATPase activity evaluation, no alteration was found, but a significant decrease of 30% in the cortex was detected in the α1 subunit expression of the enzyme. There was a 24% decrease in phospholipids in the cortex of rats submitted to CAF, a 17% increase in cholesterol levels in the cortex, and a 23% decrease in the medulla. Lipid peroxidation was significantly increased in the groups submitted to CAF, both in the cortical region, 29%, and in the medulla, 35%. Also, a reduction of 45% in the glutathione levels was observed in the cortex and medulla with CAF. CAF showed a nearly two‐fold increase in glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity in relation to the control group in the cortex and a 59% increase in the GPx activity in the medulla. In conclusion, although the diet was administered for a short period of time, important results were found, especially those related to the lipid profile and oxidative stress, which may directly affect renal function.

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“…Catecholamines decrease the uptake of glucose in peripheral tissues, partly through an inhibition of insulin secretion, stimulate glycogenolysis (4), increase the diet-induced thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (5), stimulate the substrate oxidation in skeletal muscle (4), and have a well-known stimulatory effect on white adipose tissue lipolysis (6). They also have a marked effect on protein metabolism in skeletal muscle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The inhibitory role of sympathetic nervous system in the Ca2+-dependent proteolysis of skeletal muscle

Navegantes

Baviera

Kettelhut

2009

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Mammalian cells contain several proteolytic systems to carry out the degradative processes and complex regulatory mechanisms to prevent excessive protein breakdown. Among these systems, the Ca 2+ -activated proteolytic system involves the cysteine proteases denoted calpains, and their inhibitor, calpastatin. Despite the rapid progress in molecular research on calpains and calpastatin, the physiological role and regulatory mechanisms of these proteins remain obscure. Interest in the adrenergic effect on Ca 2+ -dependent proteolysis has been stimulated by the finding that the administration of β 2 -agonists induces muscle hypertrophy and prevents the loss of muscle mass in a variety of pathologic conditions in which calpains are activated. This review summarizes evidence indicating that the sympathetic nervous system produces anabolic, protein-sparing effects on skeletal muscle protein metabolism. Studies are reviewed, which indicate that epinephrine secreted by the adrenal medulla and norepinephrine released from adrenergic terminals have inhibitory effects on Ca 2+ -dependent protein degradation, mainly in oxidative muscles, by increasing calpastatin levels. Evidence is also presented that this antiproteolytic effect, which occurs under both basal conditions and in stress situations, seems to be mediated by β 2 -and β 3 -adrenoceptors and cAMP-dependent pathways. The understanding of the precise mechanisms by which catecholamines promote muscle anabolic effects may have therapeutic value for the treatment of muscle-wasting conditions and may enhance muscle growth in farm species for economic and nutritional purposes.

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Fatty acid synthesis and generation of glycerol-3-phosphate in brown adipose tissue from rats fed a cafeteria diet

Cited by 17 publications

References 28 publications

Cafeteria Diet Increases Fat Mass and Chronically Elevates Lumbar Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Rats

Cafeteria Diet Increases Fat Mass and Chronically Elevates Lumbar Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Rats

Evaluation of the effect of cafeteria diet on the kidney Na,K‐ATPase activity, and oxidative stress

The inhibitory role of sympathetic nervous system in the Ca2+-dependent proteolysis of skeletal muscle

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