Fatty Acid Profile and Physico-Chemical Parameters of Castor Oils in Tanzania

Omari, Athumani; Mgani, Quintino A.; Mubofu, Egid B.

doi:10.4236/gsc.2015.54019

Cited by 53 publications

(74 citation statements)

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“…For instance, cold-pressed castor oils have low acid value, low iodine value and a slightly higher saponification value than solvent-extracted oil [1]. It has further been observed that castor seeds from different climatic conditions produce castor oils of different composition and physical-chemical properties [14,15,17]. Malaysian castor seeds for instance, contain total lipids (castor oil) reaching up to 43.3 % per dry weight and a saponification value of 182.96 mg KOH/g [14] while for the Nigerian castor seeds, the total lipids (castor oil) is 48 % per dry weight with a saponification value of 178.00 mg KOH/g [15].…”

Section: Extraction Composition and Properties Of Castor Oilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Castor oil as a potential renewable resource for the production of functional materials

Mubofu

2016

Sustain Chem Process

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Castor oil is increasingly becoming an important bio-based raw material for industrial applications. The oil is nonedible and can be extracted from castor seeds from the castor plant belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. The oil is a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty acid esters linked to a glycerol. The presence of hydroxyl group, a double bond, carboxylic group and a long chain hydrocarbon in ricinoleic acid (a major component of the oil), offer several possibilities of transforming it into variety of materials. The oil is thus a potential alternative to petroleum-based starting chemicals for the production of materials with variety of properties. Despite this huge potential, very little has recently been reviewed on the use of castor oil as a bio-resource in the production of functional materials. This review therefore highlights the potential of castor oil in the production of these diverse materials with their projected global market potential. The review gives the background information of castor oil and its geographical availability, the properties and its uses as bio-based resource for synthesis of various materials. The review further highlights on the use of castor oil or ricinoleic acid as a green capping agent in the synthesis of nanomaterials.

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Section: Extraction Composition and Properties Of Castor Oilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Castor oil as a potential renewable resource for the production of functional materials

Mubofu

2016

Sustain Chem Process

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“…The importance of sodium formate in the proposed procedure should be highlighted; a series of its cluster ions generated in ESI served as internal lock mass calibrants; sodium ions present in the solution favoured the formation of sodium adducts in ESI, and the ion [Na(NaCOOH) 3 ] + presenting m/z 226.9515 was applied as an internal standard during quantification (IS). According to the previous reports [1,3,6,11] and based on the determination of FAMEs in cosmetic castor oils carried out in this work by GC-FID, the following fatty acids were considered in the method development: ricinoleic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic, behenic, arachidic, stearic and palmitic. The m/z values selected for the acquisition of analytical signals for individual FAMEs and for IS are listed in materials and methods; selectivity was ensured using the high-resolution mass spectrometer and by applying m/z width AE0.005 during signal acquisition.…”

Section: Set-up Of Fia-esi-qtofms Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different plants are currently in use as a source of vegetable oils for cosmetic applications; among them, oil extracted from castor bean ( Ricinus communis ) presents interesting physicochemical properties . The main ingredient of castor bean triacylglycerides is ricinoleic acid (12‐hydroxy‐9‐ cis ‐octadecenoic acid, C18:1,OH), which accounts for up to 95% of total fatty acids and confers to this oil higher polarity as compared to other fats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Determination of fatty acids in castor oils from different geographical regions has been reported not only within the context of cosmetics science but also for industrial applications and in biodiesel production [1,2,[6][7][8][9]. The most common approach relies on the transesterification reaction that converts triacylglycerides to fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) followed by their gas chromatography separation with flame ionization or mass spectrometry detection [10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of fatty acid methyl esters in cosmetic castor oils by flow injection–electrospray ionization–high‐resolution mass spectrometry

Negrete

Aguilar

Barrientos

et al. 2018

Intern J of Cosmetic Sci

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Objective The goal of this work was to set up a high throughput procedure for the determination of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) in cosmetic castor oils using flow injection–electrospray ionization–high‐resolution mass spectrometry, and to demonstrate the need of such analysis for the quality control purposes. Methods The sample aliquot was mixed with isooctane:chloroform (1:1) and submitted to transesterification; the obtained FAMEs were appropriately diluted using water:isopropanol:acetonitrile (20:50:30) with addition of sodium formate which served as an internal standard, lock mass calibrant and promoted the formation of sodium adducts during electrospray ionization (ESI). The principle of flow injection analysis (FIA) was applied for sample introduction to an ESI–quadrupole–time of flight mass spectrometer (ESI‐QTOFMS). The carrier solution was composed of water:isopropanol:acetonitrile (20:50:30). From the acquired MS data, flowgrams of the extracted [M+Na]+ ions were obtained using the following m/z values for individual FAMEs: 293.2451 (C16:0); 315.2295 (C18:3); 317.2451 (C18:2); 319.2608 (C18:1); 321.2764 (C18:0); 335.2557 (C18:1,OH); 349.3077 (C20:0); 377.3390 (C22:0) and m/z 226.9515 for IS. Baseline‐subtracted and filtered signals were integrated, and the list of peaks intensities was exported to Excel, where calibration functions were obtained and quantification carried out. Gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector (GC‐FID) was used as an alternative analytical tool. Results The calibration detection limits for FAMEs of unsaturated fatty acids were in the range 3.61–8.62 μg L−1 and for saturated compounds in the range 8.51–82.4 μg L−1. The results obtained for commercial oils were in good agreement with GC‐FID data; among nine cosmetic oils analysed, three contained low concentrations of ricinoleic acid (C18:1, OH), indicating adulteration of castor bean oil with other vegetable oils. Conclusion Application of FIA for the sample introduction to ESI‐QTOFMS enabled for reliable determination of FAMEs in cosmetic oils with sampling frequency of thirty per hour as compared to two samples per hour achievable using GC‐FID. The proposed procedure is especially well suited for FAMEs of unsaturated fatty acids that are primary components of castor triacylglycerides and contribute to desirable properties of any cosmetic oil.

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“…Secara teoritis, minyak jarak kepyar memiliki tingkat bilangan iod pada kisaran 82-90 g iod/100 g minyak dan bilangan asam sebesar 2-3 mg KOH/g minyak (Ogunfeyitimi et al 2012). Karakteristik minyak jarak kepyar sangat bergantung pada lokasi geografis dan teknik pemeliharaan tanaman selama penanaman (Omari et al 2015). Hasil pengamatan kondisi reaksi vulkanisasi dan pengujian visualisasi fisik faktis cokelat dirangkum pada Tabel 1.…”

Section: Hasil Dan Pembahasanunclassified

Kondisi Optimum Reaksi Vulkanisasi Minyak Jarak Kepyar dengan Sulfur dalam Pembentukan Faktis Cokelat Bermutu Tinggi, Optimum Condition of Castor Oil Vulcanization With Sulphur on High Quality Brown Factice Formation

Puspitasari¹,

Nurgilis²,

Arif³

2017

Bul. Tan. Tembakau, Serat & Minyak Industri

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ABSTRAKManufaktur produk karet diawali oleh pembuatan kompon karet dengan cara mencampurkan karet dengan bahan kimia. Salah satu bahan kimia utama karet adalah bahan bantu olah yang berfungsi untuk mempermudah pencampuran dan distribusi bahan kimia terutama bahan pengisi dalam matriks karet. Faktis cokelat yang dihasilkan dari vulkanisasi minyak nabati dengan sulfur merupakan bahan bantu olah karet yang banyak digunakan dalam industri hilir karet. Dalam reaksi vulkanisasi terjadi pembentukan ikatan silang antar trigliserida dalam minyak nabati yang dijembatani oleh sulfur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menen-tukan kondisi optimum pembentukan faktis cokelat pada skala laboratorium berkapasitas 200 ml/batch dari minyak jarak kepyar sebagai sumber trigliserida yang direaksikan dengan sulfur (23 dan 24 bsm) pada berbagai suhu ABSTRACTManufacture of rubber goods is began with rubber compounding by mixing the rubber with its chemicals including processing aids. The function of processing aids is to facilitate the compounding process. Brown factice from vulcanization of vegetable oil with sulphur, is the most processing aid being used in downstream rubber industry. During vulcanization, the triglyceride content on vegetable oil form crosslink which is bridged by sulphur. The research was aimed to determine the optimum condition of brown factice formation at laboratory scale (200 ml/batch) from castor oil which was reacted with various sulphur concentration (23 and 24 pho) and themperature of reaction ( C and sulphur concentration of 24 pho. By those condition, the brown factice had 52.43% extract acetone content, 1.20% free sulphur content, 0.11% ash content and pH 6.45 and crosslink density as 3.2 x 10 -4 mol/ml. The brown factice also had good brown color and elastic texture. Based on its properties, the brown factice achieved was feasible to be developed at higher scale.

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Fatty Acid Profile and Physico-Chemical Parameters of Castor Oils in Tanzania

Cited by 53 publications

References 6 publications

Castor oil as a potential renewable resource for the production of functional materials

Castor oil as a potential renewable resource for the production of functional materials

Determination of fatty acid methyl esters in cosmetic castor oils by flow injection–electrospray ionization–high‐resolution mass spectrometry

Kondisi Optimum Reaksi Vulkanisasi Minyak Jarak Kepyar dengan Sulfur dalam Pembentukan Faktis Cokelat Bermutu Tinggi, Optimum Condition of Castor Oil Vulcanization With Sulphur on High Quality Brown Factice Formation

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