Fatty acid metabolites of Dendrobium nobile were positively correlated with representative endophytic fungi at altitude

Abstract

IntroductionAltitude, as a comprehensive ecological factor, regulates the growth and development of plants and microbial distribution. Dendrobium nobile (D. nobile) planted in habitats at different elevations in Chishui city, also shows metabolic differences and endophytes diversity. What is the triangular relationship between altitude, endophytes, and metabolites?MethodsIn this study, the diversity and species of endophytic fungi were tested by ITS sequencing and metabolic differences in plants were tested by UPLC–ESI–MS/MS. Elevation regulated the colonization of plant endophytic fungal species and fatty acid metabolites in D. nobile.ResultsThe results indicate that and high altitude was better for the accumulation of fatty acid metabolites. Therefore, the high-altitude characteristic endophytic floras were screened, and the correlation with fatty acid metabolites of plants was built. The colonization of T. rubrigenum, P. Incertae sedis unclassified, Phoma. cf. nebulosa JZG 2008 and Basidiomycota unclassified showed a significantly positive correlation with fatty acid metabolites, especially 18-carbon-chain fatty acids, such as (6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadeca-6,9,12-trienoic acid, 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-12-oxohexadeca-2,4-dienoic acid and Octadec-9-en-12-ynoic acid. What is more fascinating is these fatty acids are the essential substrates of plant hormones.DiscussionConsequently, it was speculated that the D. nobile- colonizing endophytic fungi stimulated or upregulated the synthesis of fatty acid metabolites and even some plant hormones, thus affecting the metabolism and development of D. nobile.

Widely Targeted Metabolomics Analysis Reveals the Effect of Cultivation Altitude on Tea Metabolites

“…In our study, it was found that the content of these two substances showed an increasing trend with increasing altitude. A similar result was also observed in other plants, such as Dendrobium nobile [42]. This finding is consistent with previous research conducted on tea plants under simulated high-altitude conditions, wherein aroma compound contents increased due to upregulated expressions of key structural genes [9].…”

Diversity of unique, nonmycorrhizal endophytic fungi in cultivated Phalaenopsis orchids: A pilot study

“…Similarly, Hyphodiscus is associated with the production of specific fatty acids that are associated with growth promotion in Dendobium nobile (Zhao et al, 2023). A number of the non-Sordariomycete fungi identified in this study also have potential beneficial attributes.…”

“…Fusarium extracts have also been shown to be important in orchid growth and development, enhancing in vitro growth of Dendrobium moniliforme (Shah et al., 2019) and stimulating germination (Li et al., 2021). Similarly, Hyphodiscus is associated with the production of specific fatty acids that are associated with growth promotion in Dendobium nobile (Zhao et al., 2023). A number of the non‐Sordariomycete fungi identified in this study also have potential beneficial attributes.…”

Age-dependent dendrobine biosynthesis in Dendrobium nobile: insights into endophytic fungal interactions

“…Moreover, we observed that the community and abundance of endophytes in 1-year-old D. nobile were significantly different from those in older plants. It has also been reported that some endophytic fungi can positively promote the accumulation of fatty acid metabolites in D. nobile by infestation and colonization ( Zhao et al, 2023 ). Therefore, we hypothesize that endophyte colonization in 1-year-old D. nobile is closely related to the high content of dendrobine alkaloids.…”