Fatty Acid Esterification with Polyols over Acidic Montmorillonite

Chaari, Asma; Neji, Soumaya Bouguerra; Frikha, M. H.

doi:10.5650/jos.ess16216

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Montmorillonites are hydrophilic clays of bentonite type, with a layered structure and have been investigated as environmental and reusable catalysts [28,31]. Montmorillonite clay is among various layered aluminosilicates, consists of layers of two tetrahedral silica sheets sandwiching one octahedral alumina sheet, which has caught great attention especially due to its good swelling property and high exchange capacity, which is abundant on the earth [16,32]. The ability of exchangeable ions in their interlayer spaces allows the introduction of various metals, heteropolyacids and physiological functions between the layers, in addition to acid activation [1,13,24,25,33,34,35,36,37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, it is possible to see the potential of clays and lipid-rich wastes for making useful or potentially useful products as biodiesel. Heterogeneous catalysts based on clays have received considerable attention in different chemical processes due to their environmental compatibility, abundance on the earth, low cost, selectivity, thermal stability and recyclability [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Modified clays are widely used in acid catalysis [1,7,8,27,28,30,32,38,39,40]. In a previous study in our research group, Nascimento et al [39] used acid-activated flint kaolin as an effective catalyst for the esterification of distillate of deodorization of palm oil (DDPO) obtaining 92.8% conversion to fatty acid esters (biodiesel).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bentonites Modified with Phosphomolybdic Heteropolyacid (HPMo) for Biowaste to Biofuel Production

et al. 2019

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Two bentonites from Paraíba (Northeastern Brazil) were impregnated with heteropoly phosphomolybdic H3PMo12O40 (HPMo). The materials produced were characterized by various techniques such as N2 adsorption-desorption (specific surface area, SSA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA/DTG), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) equipped with Dispersive Energy X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), acid-base titration analysis. The catalytic activity of these materials was tested in the esterification of a waste from palm oil deodorization and the main results obtained (about 93.3% of conversion) indicated that these materials have potential to act as heterogeneous solid acid catalysts. The prepared materials exhibited satisfactory catalytic performance even after a very simple recycling process in three reuse cycles, without significant loss of their activities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bentonites Modified with Phosphomolybdic Heteropolyacid (HPMo) for Biowaste to Biofuel Production

et al. 2019

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“…Therefore, molecules can reach the inner pores of the catalyst more easily. 38 Figure 1 can also show the effect of the Gly/OA molar ratio on the esterification reaction. As can be seen, the excess of glycerol is beneficial to the synthesis of MG.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Box-Behnken Design in Production of Monoglyceride with Esterification of Glycerol and Oleic Acid

et al. 2023

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Monoglyceride MG has a wide function in the food industry, in particular as a natural emulsifier, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, antioxidant, and antibacterial. Therefore, the production of polyol ester from esterification of acid (OA) and glycerol was investigated. The process optimization was performed using a Box-Behnken design, examining the effects of temperature, molar ratio, and catalyst amount. For predicting the optimal point, a second-order polynomial model was fitted to correlate the relationship between independent variables and response (% MG). The effects of temperature (100, 150, and 200 °C); catalyst amount (4, 10, and 16% w/w); and glycerol/oleic acid ratio (1:1, 1:2, and 1:3) were investigated and found to deeply affect the reaction outcome. At the optimal reaction conditions: 200 °C, 0.2% w/w KSF, and a glycerol/oleic acid ratio (3:1), more than 71.8% monoglycerides with selectivity of 80% were obtained. Confirmation experiments were performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach, and the characterization of monoglycerides was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

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“…Nevertheless, the generation of acidic waste water was a co‐product. Later, solid acids such as the ion exchange resin (Kuzminska et al, 2015), Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 ‐ZnO (Yu & Zhang, 2020), acidic montmorillonite (Chaari et al, 2017), silica–sulfuric acid (Åkermana et al, 2011), SiO 2 –ZrO 2 (Zaccheria et al, 2016), zirconium phenyl phosphonate phosphite (Varhadi et al, 2013) and the solid base calcium methoxide (Masood et al, 2012) were applied to the preparation of polyol esters. Besides, the immobilized lipase showed to be another promising candidate (Åkerman et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous esterification of ricinoleic acid with polyol for the synthesis of polyol ricinoleates as biomass‐based lubricant base oil

Gao

Ren

Xie

et al. 2021

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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Bio‐derived lubricants, especially those derived from vegetable oils, are considered to be promising alternatives to mineral oil‐based lubricants due to the features of sustainability and environmental friendliness. In this work, the polyol ricinoleates were prepared by esterification of ricinoleic acid with trimethylolpropane (TMP), neopentyl glycol (NPG) and pentaerythritol (PE) respectively using Lewis acidic stannous oxide as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst, affording the polyol ricinoleates up to 99.7% yield. Remarkably, the solid catalyst was readily recovered and reused at least for five cycles without significant loss of activity. The resulting polyol ricinoleates products were structurally characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), 1H NMR, 13C NMR, electrospray ionization mass spectra (ESI‐MS); and were stable below 300°C through thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Furthermore, the physicochemical and lubricating properties of as‐synthesized polyol esters were also evaluated including viscosity at 40 and 100°C, viscosity index (VI), pour point and flash point, thermal stability and wear scar diameter. To our delight, the performance indicators of the target products were comparable or better than the commercial lubricants, showing their potential as lubricant base oil. This work represents an alternative access to useful lubricant products via effective and selective conversion of non‐edible vegetable oil.

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Fatty Acid Esterification with Polyols over Acidic Montmorillonite

Cited by 11 publications

References 26 publications

Bentonites Modified with Phosphomolybdic Heteropolyacid (HPMo) for Biowaste to Biofuel Production

Bentonites Modified with Phosphomolybdic Heteropolyacid (HPMo) for Biowaste to Biofuel Production

Application of Box-Behnken Design in Production of Monoglyceride with Esterification of Glycerol and Oleic Acid

Heterogeneous esterification of ricinoleic acid with polyol for the synthesis of polyol ricinoleates as biomass‐based lubricant base oil

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