Fatty acid composition of seeds of yellow, red, and black colored Prunus mahaleb fruits in Turkey

Abstract

547.916Mahaleb, Prunus mahaleb L. or Cerasus mahaleb Mill., belongs to the Rosaceae family, subfamily Prunoidae [1]. The medicinal use of seeds as a digestive aid and a diuretic has long been practiced in Turkey. Its grounded seeds are used in Turkey as a tonic or an antidiabetic in folk medicine and as a flavouring agent in making pies and candies. From the seeds, oil can be extracted that contains unusual conjugated fatty acids [2].Although there is a study related to the fatty acid content of the seed of a single mahaleb type [3], a comparative study using different types of seeds obtained from yellow, red, and black colored mahaleb fruit seeds has not been carried out so far.Here we report on the fatty acid compositions of seeds from yellow, red, and black colored fruits of mahaleb (Prunus mahaleb L.). The fatty acid composition of oils was analyzed by GC with a capillary column (5% phenylmethylsilicone) [4].Fatty acid components representing about 98.43% (black colored) -98.74% (red colored) types were characterized. The amount of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in seed was found to be 8.72% (yellow colored) -12.10% (black colored); 86.33% (black colored) and 88.83% (yellow colored), respectively. Unsaturated fatty acids from Prunus mahaleb seeds are the predominant constituents. Average of 88% of the fatty acids (Table 1) are unsaturated as previously described for Prunus mahaleb [3].Fatty acid analysis has shown that the seeds from yellow, red, and black colored fruits of the mahaleb studied contained twelve major compounds, and a variation in fatty acids was found among mahaleb types (Table 1). Linoleic acid (33.33-34.13%) was the main fatty acid for seeds from yellow and red colored mahaleb, while oleic acid (33.67%) was the dominant fatty acid for seeds obtained from black colored fruits (Table 1). In a previous study conducted on mahaleb seed, the main fatty acids were found to be oleic and linoleic acid [3], in agreement with our present study. A high content of linoleic and linolenic acid (polyunsaturated fatty acids) is favorable for medicinal (profilaxis and treatment of arteriosclerosis, eczema) and nutritional application since these components, particularly linolenic acid, are responsible for cardioprotective, antidiabetic, and antimicrobial activities [5][6][7][8].Palmitic (16:0), stearic (18:0), and palmitoleic (16:1 ω7c) acids detected in all samples were between (7.38-8.66%), (1.34-3.17%), and (0.45-0.51%), respectively. Ozgul-Yucel [3] reported that mahaleb seeds had 4.60% palmitic, 1.80% stearic, and 0.30% palmitoleic acid, which was close to our results.Arachidic acid (20:0) was detected only in seeds of red and black colored fruits of Prunus mahaleb as between 0.25-0.31%. On the other hand, the eicosadienoic acid (20:2 ω6c) was detected only in the yellow type as 1.80%. Moreover, behenic (22:0) and lignoceric acids (24:0) were found in trace amounts in seeds of all mahaleb types (Table 1).On the other hand, mahaleb seeds of all three types were found to be rich in terms of conjugat...

Myrtus communis Berry Color Morphs: A Comparative Analysis of Essential Oils, Fatty Acids, Phenolic Compounds, and Antioxidant Activities

“…In recent literature, it was reported that environmental factors (temperature, precipitation, and soil type), disease or insect pressure, and genetic factors affected the fatty acid composition [22 -24]. The effect of the morph reported here agrees with that reported by Ercişli and Orhan [25], who showed a quantitative variation of fatty acids between yellow, red, and black colored Prunus mahaleb fruits.…”

Evaluation of the sensory properties, volatile aroma compounds and functional food potentials of cold-press produced mahaleb (Prunus mahaleb L.) seed oil

“…The oil contained a total of 5.42% saturated (SFA), 30.34% monounsaturated (MUFA), and 64.24% of poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). This data concurs with most of the literature (Özgül-Yücel, 2005;Ercisli and Orhan, 2008;Mariod et al, 2009;Erdogan Eliuz et al, 2022). The major fatty acids of mahaled seed oil were reported as 39.76, 31.33, and 23.01% of CLNA, oleic, and linoleic acids, respectively (Öztürk et al, 2014).…”

“…The main fatty acids of differently colored mahaleb seeds were reported as around 7. .13% of linoleic acids (Ercisli and Orhan, 2008). Sbihi et al (2014) reported white mahaleb seed oil fatty acid compositions as a-eleostearic (CLNA) (38.32%), oleic (31.29%), and linoleic (22.96%) acids.…”

Characterization of White Mahlab (Prunus mahaleb L.) Seed Oil: A Rich Source of α‐Eleostearic Acid

“…This plant belongs to the family Rosaceae Juss and is well known in the Mediterranean region and in parts of central Asia. Previous study has demonstrated that the fixed oil contains an unusual conjugated linolenic fatty acid (Ercisli and Orhan ).…”