Fatty acid composition of phytoplankton, settling particulate matter and sediments at a sheltered bivalve aquaculture site

Budge, Suzanne M.; Parrish, Christopher C.; McKenzie, Cynthia H.

doi:10.1016/s0304-4203(01)00068-8

Cited by 170 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Individual FA concentrations were expressed as percentages of the total content. Budge et al (2001) detected inputs of terrestrial organic matter in the marine environment using the ∑(18:2ω6, 18:3ω3) marker, whilst ∑(22:0, 24:0) has also been proposed to be useful as such a marker (e.g. Colombo et al, 1997;Budge et al, 2001).…”

Section: Fatty Acid Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coastal fish farms are settlement sites for juvenile fish

Fernandez‐Jover

Sánchez-Jérez

Bayle-Sempere

et al. 2009

Marine Environmental Research

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Section: Fatty Acid Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coastal fish farms are settlement sites for juvenile fish

Fernandez‐Jover

Sánchez-Jérez

Bayle-Sempere

et al. 2009

Marine Environmental Research

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“…The most likely supply of organic carbon to bacteria within the sediment is that derived from the MPB, which have a low C:N ratio and also contain high proportions of PUFAs and other labile forms of organic carbon (e.g. Budge et al 2001). Evidence to support this comes from the significant correlations between specific bacterial and algal fatty acids such as i15:0 and 20:5(n-3) (r = 0.83, p < 0.001).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon and nitrogen cycling on intertidal mudflats of a temperate Australian estuary. III. Sources of organic matter

Cook¹,

Revill²,

Clementson³

et al. 2004

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The sources and cycling of organic matter on 2 mudflats in the Huon Estuary, SE Tasmania, were investigated over 4 seasons using pigment and lipid biomarkers as well as stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen; 1 site was in the upper estuary,1 site was in a marine side-arm. The organic matter within the sediments at both sites was dominated by terrestrial sources, but most of this was refractory and only slowly remineralised. Significant, but seasonally variable, amounts of organic matter were derived from microphytobenthos (MPB), but this was rapidly remineralised and comprised only a minor fraction of the preserved sediment organic matter pool. Compound specific stable-isotope analysis of bacterial biomarkers suggested that the bacteria within the sediment were consuming microalgae-derived material. Separation of MPB from the sediment at the site in the upper estuary using the lens-tissue technique was found to significantly fractionate the algae community with cyanobacteria being enriched in the separated fraction. Nitrogen fixation probably contributed significantly to the growth requirements of cyanobacteria at the site in the upper estuary, as indicated by the low δ 15 N value of the cyanobacteria separated from the sediment.KEY WORDS: Microphytobenthos · Stable isotope · Compound-specific isotope-ratio mass spectrometry · Fatty acids · Sterols · Accessory pigment · Mudflat Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 280: [55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72] 2004 1999, Cahoon & Safi 2002), but this may shift seasonally to chlorophytes and cyanobacteria (Barranguet et al. 1997). In some areas, intertidal sediments may be dominated by cyanobacteria where high rates of nitrogen fixation may supply a significant amount of nitrogen to the benthic community (Stal et al. 1984, Bautista & Paerl 1985, Stal 1995.A number of approaches have been used to estimate the contributions of organic matter from various sources to sediments. Isotope ratios of 13 C/ 12 C have been used to estimate the relative contribution of terrestrial and marine sources to sedimentary organic matter (Fry & Sherr 1984). While this approach is relatively simple and gives an integrated estimate of sources for the total carbon in the sample, it will only provide useful information when there are 2 welldefined end-members. Furthermore, this technique gives little information about the type of marine or terrestrial organic matter in question.The use of lipid and pigment biomarkers such as fatty acids and sterols can allow the sources of various subfractions of organic matter to be identified much more specifically than any of the above approaches. However, unambiguously assigning sources to biomarkers is difficult, as they are rarely produced by a single class of organism. The advent of compound-specific stableisotope analysis has provided a powerful new tool for the differentiation between 2 sources of the same biomarker, provided the isotopic sign...

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“…The immobile molluscan filter-feeders have to make do with whatever food is delivered by the ocean currents. Some of this can be detritus, particles including dead phytoplankton, or remains of dead zooplankton or their feces, all with or without coating of bacteria that can also be utilized for food [19]. From phytoplankton they can also accumulate toxins deadly to humans [20], but these animals have to have membranes with whatever are to them "essential" fatty acids [21], including the long-chain polyunsaturates.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Ocean supplies more EPA and DHA than we can use

Ackman

2004

OCL

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Summary :Nutraceutical is a modern marketing term and a source of much confusion, nowhere more obviously than in the field of polyunsaturated fatty acids. The world supply of vegetable oils includes an abundance of an unsaturated and omega 6 (or n-6) C18 fatty acid, linoleic, which has been declared for decades as "essential" for elongation to the C20 trienoic and tetraenoic n-6 fatty acids vital to the functioning of our body systems. It also keeps most of the vegetable oils liquid or semi-liquid. A frequent minor partner fatty acid is the C18 omega 3 fatty acid alpha-linolenic (18:3n-3) which was sensitive to oxidation and therefore a nuisance in salad and frying oils and margarines. Wherever possible, it was reduced or eliminated. Within the last two decades we have realized that our conversion of 18:3n-3 to the "truly essential" 20:5n-3 (EPA) and especially 22:6n-3 (DHA), via 22:5n-3 (DPA), is poor, and we have depended on DHA from eggs and certain animal meats. Fish and shellfish for both were the most useful sources in our diets but were not recognized officially until 1996. Then U.K. Report No. 46 recommended eating fish twice a week, one being oily. More recently the American Heart Association has followed suit. This review shows how the microalgae of the oceans produce and concentrate generous supplies of these two highly desirable dietary fatty acids available from a truly "functional" food¡

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Fatty acid composition of phytoplankton, settling particulate matter and sediments at a sheltered bivalve aquaculture site

Cited by 170 publications

References 49 publications

Coastal fish farms are settlement sites for juvenile fish

Coastal fish farms are settlement sites for juvenile fish

Carbon and nitrogen cycling on intertidal mudflats of a temperate Australian estuary. III. Sources of organic matter

The Ocean supplies more EPA and DHA than we can use

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