Fatty acid composition of melon (Colocynthis vulgaris Shrad) seed oil and its application in synthesis and evaluation of alkyd resins

Ekpa, Okon D.

doi:10.9790/5736-0443041

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…Colour is the shade of the paint that appears on a surface through which it is applied (Ekpa and Isaac, 2013). For liquid materials which are used in the formulation of paints like resins, binders and solvents: their colour can be determined by using a device called the Gardner scale (Ogunniyi and Njikang, 2000).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quality improvement of long oil alkyd (LOA) resin requirements in the formulation of Hi-gloss paints

James

Taifa

2022

IJQRM

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PurposeThis research aimed at lowering the non-volatile matter (NVM) of long oil alkyd (LOA) resin to meet the resin requirements in producing Hi-gloss paints. The research also aimed to assist Hi-gloss paint manufacturers who require solid resin content below 70%.Design/methodology/approachThe research utilised both the document review and experimental methods. The experimental method, which involved the blending process, was used in lowering the NVM of LOA resin, whereby eight experiments were conducted as reputations to obtain accurate data and results. A factorial design was used in the design of the experiment (DOE), where three factors were required to be evaluated: specific gravity, viscosity and NVM and two levels were required: weight of LOA and white spirit.FindingsThe NVM of LOA resin was successfully lowered, and different shades of paint were produced for reliability testing. The quality parameters of Hi-gloss paints that used the modified LOA were all found within the company's specifications compared to those with unmodified LOA, where some parameters were either above or below the specifications. However, all samples with the NVM of LOA used below 50% were found to be poor in terms of quality during the reliability testing. So, if the company had used the modified LOA resin in the production of Hi-gloss paints, it would have potentially saved 18,925.2 kg and 9,446.4 kg, respectively, of LOA just in producing Hi-gloss black and white paints only. Moreover, the cost of 1 kg of LOA is $2.3, which is equal to Tanzanian Shillings (Tshs) 5,290. The company would have potentially saved Tshs 100.114 million Tshs and Tshs 49.97 million Tshs in producing Hi-gloss black and white paints, respectively, making a total of Tshs 150.08 million per year. This was counted as a loss during that year because they did not use LOA resin with 50% NVM in production.Research limitations/implicationsThis study focused on LOA resin used in producing Hi-gloss paints. The study also did not consider other categories of alkyd resins used in producing paints and varnishes e.g. epoxy resin and short and medium oil alkyd resins.Originality/valueThis is probably the first alkyd resin improvement study conducted using white spirit as Tanzania's main agent or material. The study utilised vegetable oils such as coconut, sunflower and tobacco seeds.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to other researchers, modification of LOA resin was based on using oils (mostly vegetable oils). These include melon seeds oil (Ekpa and Isaac, 2013), palm seeds oil (Azimi et al. , 2013), sunflower seeds oil (Chiplunkar and Pratap, 2016), rubber seeds oil (Ikhuoria et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality improvement of long oil alkyd (LOA) resin requirements in the formulation of Hi-gloss paints

James

Taifa

2022

IJQRM

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“…Triglyceride oils used for alkyd resins preparation were locally sourced. COSO was purchased at Sabongari market, Kano, while melon seeds were purchased at Akpan Andem market, Uyo, processed and the oil soxhlet extracted using the method described in our previous work [11]. Technical grade phthalic anhydride, glycerol, xylene and lead (II) oxide were obtained from commercial sources and used without further purification in the preparation of COSO and MESO alkyd resins.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, the molecular sizes of COSO alkyd reaction mixture increases from C 1 through C 2 with C 3 having the least value after 180 min of reaction (Figure 2). This observation may be because the two oils are semi-drying oil [10] [11]. Further more, the shapes of these plots depict the complexity in the changes in the molecular sizes of the reaction mixture.…”

Section: Molecular Weight Characterization Of Meso and Coso Alkyd Resinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our previous studies [10] [11], it has been discovered that melon seed and cottonseed oils are potential raw material for substituting imported drying oils for use in the Nigerian surface coating industry. Hence, the need for further research involving the determination of molecular weight of these products uses different methods in order to ascertain the method suitable for routine analysis of the alkyds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Studies in Molecular Weight Determination of Cottonseed and Melon Seed Oils Based Biopolymers

Isaac¹,

Nsi²

2015

ACES

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Six grades of biopolymers formulated to have oil content of 40% (M 1), 50% (M 2), and 60% (M 3) melon seed oil (MESO) and 40% (C 1), 50% (C 2), and 60% (C 3) cottonseed oil (COSO) respectively, were prepared with phthalic anhydride, and glycerol using alcoholysis-polycondensation process. The extend of polycondensation was monitored by determining the acid value of aliquots of the reaction mixture at various intervals of time. Molecular weight averages and polydispersity index (PDI) of the finished alkyds were determined by Rast method and end-group analysis. Molecular weight averages and PDI vary with differences in oil length of the alkyds, with samples M2 and C 2 respectively exhibiting the highest PDI. Molecular weight average obtained from end-group analysis and those determined by Rast method in brackets are 1338.92 (597.00), 982.33 (696.25), 1316.09 (754.03), and 1160.57 (448.13), 765.96 (583.57), 1049.92 (696.25) for samples M 1 , M 2 , M 3 and C 1 , C 2 , C 3 respectively. Number molecular weight averages calculated from end-group analysis are larger than those obtained by Rast method for both MESO and COSO alkyds and seem to grossly overestimate their molecular weights. The mode of variation of these properties indicates that the synthesis of MESO and COSO alkyds are complex. Correlation of PDI with the quality of the finished alkyds shows that the higher the PDI value the better the quality of the alkyd. Performance properties such as rate of drying, film hardness and resistance to chemicals were optimum at 50% oil length for both triglyceride oil alkyds.

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Plastics in Coating Applications

Maiti

Parvate

Pragya

et al. 2022

Encyclopedia of Materials: Plastics and Polymers

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Fatty acid composition of melon (Colocynthis vulgaris Shrad) seed oil and its application in synthesis and evaluation of alkyd resins

Cited by 13 publications

References 13 publications

Quality improvement of long oil alkyd (LOA) resin requirements in the formulation of Hi-gloss paints

Quality improvement of long oil alkyd (LOA) resin requirements in the formulation of Hi-gloss paints

Studies in Molecular Weight Determination of Cottonseed and Melon Seed Oils Based Biopolymers

Plastics in Coating Applications

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